The diameter of the pull bolt is determined based on the area of the template it supports, and the lateral pressure exerted by the freshly poured concrete on the bolt is calculated. This calculation helps determine the optimal position for the wire opening in the shear wall's pull bolt. The effective length of the bolt is set to M = 2K L. A nut is embedded into the wire opening of the bolt, ensuring that the thickness of the concrete wall is maintained when the tension bolt is tightened. This design enhances structural integrity while simplifying installation.
To account for the retraction of the pull bolt after use, a portion of the bolt within the concrete wall is designed as a rounded body. The wire opening is positioned at the effective length of M = 2K L, with the nut engraved into the bolt’s wire mouth at (M - 1) mm. This ensures the proper thickness of the concrete wall when the bolt is tightened. On the other end, the bolt has a diameter of (P + 10) mm, providing additional stability during installation and removal.
Once the concrete reaches its final setting stage, the lateral pressure from the concrete diminishes. At this point, the nut can be loosened, and the opposite end of the bolt can be rotated. This prevents or minimizes bonding between the concrete and the bolt, making it easier to remove without damaging the structure.
When applying the formwork for the shear wall perpendicularly, fixing the verticality of the template on one side of the wall ensures that the opposite side aligns properly with the template line, allowing the bolt to remain vertical and secure during the pouring process.
The thickness of the shear wall is controlled by the position of the wire end. With an effective bolt length of M = 2K L, the nut is embedded into the wire opening at (M - 1) mm, guaranteeing the correct thickness of the concrete wall when the bolt is fully tightened. This method provides consistent quality and reduces the risk of misalignment.
During the template lifting process, the No. 1 bolt is tightened to secure the bolt and push the template into place using the attachment. This ensures that the formwork remains stable and properly aligned throughout the pouring operation.
The connection configuration of the pull bolt is shown in the diagram below:
- 1M12 bolt
- o support attachment
- nut
- pad
- template transverse rib (main rib)
- template vertical rib (secondary rib)
- bamboo glue joint panel
- Ã concrete wall
This innovative type of wall-to-wall bolt has been successfully implemented in two major projects: the Pingdingshan City Credit Union Building, a 12-story frame-cut structure, and the Pingdingshan City Local Taxation Bureau Training Center, a 16-story frame-shear structure. It has delivered significant economic benefits and has been widely accepted by construction units due to its efficiency, durability, and ease of use. The system not only improves the quality of concrete walls but also streamlines the formwork process, reducing labor and material waste. Its practical application and positive feedback confirm its value in modern construction practices.
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