In August, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University is set to unveil its fourth-generation nano solar panel, marking a significant leap in solar technology. This innovative panel will be not only 70% thinner than previous models but also boast an energy conversion efficiency that has increased by more than one-third. These improvements are expected to provide enhanced cooling performance for solar-powered vehicles, making them more practical and efficient on the road.
The journey of solar-powered cooling systems began in 2009 when Professor Zheng Jiawei from the Department of Electrical Engineering at the university introduced the first generation of solar-powered roof air-conditioning systems. These early systems were tested on taxis and minibuses, aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and promote greener transportation solutions.
However, the initial system faced several challenges. After absorbing sunlight for six hours, it could only provide about half an hour of air-conditioning, which was far from ideal. Early tests on minibus drivers revealed that the system struggled during hot summer months, often leading to uncomfortable heat buildup inside the vehicle. This limitation highlighted the need for continuous innovation and improvement.
Over the years, Professor Zheng and his team have made remarkable progress. By the time the third-generation solar panels were developed, the system had improved significantly. With six hours of sunlight exposure, the panels could now power air-conditioning for up to six hours, even when the vehicle was idling. This advancement marked a major step forward in the practicality and reliability of solar-powered cooling systems.
The latest fourth-generation panels incorporate nanotechnology, allowing the panels to be as thin as 1.5mm—reducing their size without compromising performance. More importantly, the new system has achieved an impressive energy conversion efficiency of nearly 30%, making it one of the most efficient solar panels currently available. This breakthrough not only enhances the cooling capabilities of solar cars but also paves the way for broader applications in sustainable energy solutions.
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