In the world of mahogany, Huanghuali holds a legendary status. However, the term "Huanghuali" is not an officially recognized botanical name. In common usage, it refers to the scented rosewood found in Hainan, China. Over time, the original Hainan Huanghuali has become extremely rare, and even the Vietnamese variant, often mistaken for the real thing, is now gaining popularity. Yet, its characteristics still differ significantly from the genuine Hainan variety.
Beneath this prestige, there are other species that are often overlooked or confused with the fragrant rosewood. In Hainan, there's a tree known as “Dalian Dalbergia,†which is commonly called “Pear Mother†or “Hua Li Gong,†also known as Hainan Dalbergia. This species, though similar in appearance, is distinct from the true Huanghuali.
Before the 1980s, the scientific name for Hainan Huanghuali was actually “Hainan Dalbergia.†Locals, however, used different names for what they believed to be the same tree—such as “Pear Plum†and “Pear Mother.†In 1984, experts conducted extensive research and reclassified the species. “Hua Li Gong†retained the name Hainan Dalbergia, while “Pear Mother†was renamed Dalbergia odoratum.
Hualigong, scientifically known as Dalbergia hainanensis, can grow up to 20 meters tall with a trunk diameter of 40 centimeters. Its appearance and anatomical structure closely resemble those of fragrant rosewood. However, unlike Huanghuali, it lacks fragrance, has a strong luster, and a clear grain pattern. Its texture is lighter and more common, and it is not classified as a premium wood under national standards. It is often used in construction, furniture making, doors, windows, and agricultural tools.
On the other hand, the “Pear Mother,†scientifically named Dalbergia odorifera, is widely recognized as Hainan Huanghuali. Unlike Hualigong, it thrives in sunny environments. Its rich luster and natural fragrance make it highly sought after for high-end furniture, musical instruments, abacuses, and intricate carvings. Due to its rarity, it has become nearly extinct in the market and is considered one of the most valuable woods in the world.
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