In the world of premium hardwoods, Huanghuali holds a legendary status. However, the term "Huanghuali" is not an officially recognized botanical name. In common usage, it refers to a type of scented rosewood native to Hainan, China. Over time, the original variety known as Shanghai South Yellow Pear has become nearly extinct, while Vietnamese Huanghuali has gained popularity. Yet, the quality and characteristics of these woods still differ significantly from the true Hainan Huanghuali.
Beneath this celebrated reputation lies another lesser-known wood that often gets confused with the fragrant rosewood. In Hainan, there's a tree known as “Dalian Dalbergia,†commonly called “Pear Mother†or “Hua Li Gong.†This species has a long history but is often overlooked in discussions about high-value timber.
Before the 1980s, the scientific name for Hainan Huanghuali was “Hainan Dalbergia.†Locals, however, used different names for what they believed to be the same tree—such as “Pear Plum†and “Pear Mother.†In 1984, experts conducted detailed research and reclassified the species. “Hua Li Gong†retained the name Hainan Dalbergia, while the “Pear Mother†was renamed Dalbergia odoratum.
Hualigong, or Hainan Dalbergia (scientific name: Dalbergia hainanensis), can grow up to 20 meters tall with a trunk diameter of around 40 centimeters. Its appearance and internal structure are similar to those of fragrant rosewood, but its wood lacks the distinctive scent. It typically has a bright luster, clear grain patterns, and a lighter weight compared to true Huanghuali. It is not classified as a premium mahogany under national standards and is considered a common wood. It is widely used in construction, furniture making, paneling, doors, windows, and agricultural tools.
On the other hand, the “Pear Mother,†scientifically known as Dalbergia odorifera, is the true Hainan Huanghuali. Unlike Hualigong, it prefers sunny, open areas. Its wood is prized for its rich luster and aromatic qualities, making it ideal for crafting high-end furniture, musical instruments, abacuses, and intricate carvings. Due to its rarity and value, it has become almost extinct in the market, further adding to its mystique and desirability.
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