Piglet diarrhea is a major problem that has long plagued the pig industry, and the economic losses caused by piglet diarrhea in farms or farms are huge, and the incidence of other diseases is also increasing. Here, the pathogenesis and cause of diarrhea in piglets are briefly explained.
First of all, the living environment of piglets after birth has undergone fundamental changes, from the constant temperature environment in the mother's abdomen to the normal temperature environment outside the environment, from the passive acquisition of nutrients and oxygen to the independent use of breast milk and breathing to maintain life, etc. In this particular stage, reducing piglet mortality and increasing piglet weight have become the focus of piglet management.
Secondly, the body temperature regulation function of 1 suckling piglets is imperfect, and the energy storage in the body is limited. In the lower environment, it is difficult to maintain normal body temperature. 2 Because the digestive organs in the piglets are not developed, the digestive function is poor, and it is necessary to gradually induce and eat. Increase the number of feedings to ensure adequate nutrition for piglets; 3 piglets lack congenital immunity and poor resistance to disease, so piglets should eat colostrum as soon as possible after birth to get as much immunoglobulin as possible for one week. The piglets have sufficient effective immunity; 4 In addition, the piglet class grows rapidly and has a strong metabolism, which is very sensitive to the response to nutritional insufficiency.
The piglet stage is prone to three critical periods of piglet diarrhea.
The first stage of diarrhea is frequent, and the stage of jaundice in piglets, also known as early-onset colibacillosis, occurs mainly in piglets within 7 days of age, with multiple occurrences at 1-6 days of age, characterized by yellow-yellow or yellow loose stools. The incidence of littermates is as high as 90%, and is common in winter and early spring. Reasons for analysis 1 The body temperature regulation function of newborn piglets is imperfect, and the energy storage in the body is limited; 2 The digestive function of newborn piglets is not perfect, the speed of food passing through the digestive tract is fast, and the time of emptying in the stomach is short; 3 piglets themselves have no protective immune function and are resistant to disease. The ability to resist microbial invasion is weak; in addition, the pollution in the pig house is serious, cold and humid, frequent climate change, and insufficient milk to cause disease.
The second period of diarrhea is frequent, and the stage of piglet white peony, also known as late-onset colibacillosis, occurs mostly in the stage of 10-30 days old piglets. It is characterized by milky white paste or slurryy feces, and the incidence rate in one litter can reach 50% has a serious impact on the physique and growth rate of piglets. Analysis reasons: The pig's body temperature regulation function is not perfect, combined with the influence of the feeding and feeding on the digestive system, followed by cold, poor heat preservation, high humidity and low self-resistance are the main incentives.
The third diarrhea-prone period: diarrhea in weaned piglets, excessive stress in piglets during weaning promotes the onset of illness, including changes in conditions such as weaning stress, nutritional stress, environmental stress and management, resulting in decreased resistance of piglets The growth was blocked, and the diarrhea mortality rate reached a peak in 2-10 days. The diarrhea piglets eventually died due to dehydration, and the mortality rate reached 40%.
Prevention and control measures for piglet diarrhea at various stages
The diarrhea in each stage of piglets is mainly related to its special physiological characteristics, sow body constitution, external climate, indoor microclimate and environmental pollution, stress and other factors. Therefore, comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control piglet diarrhea. 1 Improve the immunity of young sows, pay attention to the balance of feed nutrition, ensure the health and moderate body condition of sows, so as to ensure that piglets obtain certain antibodies from colostrum, and in actual production, old sows and young people can also be Sow polyculture; 2 do the immunization and nursing work before and after the sow is delivered, and inoculate E. coli seedlings (k88, k99, 987p trivalent vaccine) in the sows 40 days and 15 days before delivery, with prenatal 30 Inoculation of red sputum vaccine in days and 15 days; 10 ml/head of long-acting oxytetracycline in three days before and three days after delivery, the pigs were thoroughly disinfected and sterilized before entering the delivery room. Bacteria, clean, preheated in the delivery room, the piglets produced as early as possible to suck colostrum. 3 According to the actual situation, do a good job in fostering piglets to balance the number of pigs in the nest, and at the same time pay attention to increase the amount of sows in the sows and do a good job of keeping the house inside. 4 The care of the sows on the day after delivery, after all the placenta is discharged, the strong amoxicillin 0.2ml/kg body weight is injected intramuscularly to prevent postpartum infection, and after 2 days, the piglets are supplemented with iron and selenium to prevent diarrhea caused by nutritional anemia and iron deficiency in piglets. 7 days old, 21 days old long-acting oxytetracycline for health injection, 10 days old to supplement iron and selenium. 5As soon as possible, the piglets should be hydrated, supplemented, adjusted and adapted to the management of the food phase; grasp the weaning off, reduce all kinds of stress, and at the same time do a proper limit feeding work, add citric acid or oral dry yeast to the diet. Tablets, drinking water plus oral rehydration salts for several days to prevent diarrhea and promote growth.
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