China's equipment manufacturing industry is in a critical period of development. The changes in the international environment and the development of the domestic economy have clearly and unambiguously demanded that China's equipment manufacturing industry transform and upgrade as soon as possible to achieve sustainable development. It is no exaggeration to say that if China's equipment manufacturing industry cannot achieve transformation and upgrading in the past decade, it will miss an excellent period of strategic opportunities. The core of transformation and upgrading is to reduce the energy consumption and resource consumption per unit of output value, reduce the impact on the environment, improve the efficiency and efficiency of the industry, enhance the position in the world manufacturing value chain, and build the development of the industry relying on scientific and technological progress and improvement. On the basis of the quality of the workers. Transformation and upgrading is the main theme of the development of China's equipment manufacturing industry in the next decade, and the transformation and upgrading must be determined. Transformation and upgrading involve many aspects and many problems. From a macro perspective, product structure adjustment, industrial structure adjustment, and development mode transformation are all indispensable. At present, the following 10 aspects should be the focus of industry and enterprises.
First, from production-oriented manufacturing to service-oriented manufacturing
China's manufacturing industry is a manufacturing industry with processing, production, assembly and assembly as the mainstay, as well as equipment manufacturing. This form of industry has high resource consumption, large environmental impact, and low efficiency. The trend of manufacturing development is the industrial form of product manufacturing and value-added services, namely service-oriented manufacturing. Therefore, China's equipment manufacturing industry should accelerate the development of modern manufacturing service industry, extend to the two stages of processing, production and assembly, enhance its position in the world manufacturing value chain, improve its international competitiveness, and improve its ability and level of service to users.
Second, from high consumption and pollution to green manufacturing
Although China's equipment manufacturing industry is not a high-energy-consuming industry, its impact on the environment is much smaller than that of some industries. However, compared with the international advanced level, the gap is very large. The equipment manufacturing industry is an industry that provides equipment to various industrial sectors. The level of equipment determines the level of energy conservation and consumption reduction of users to a considerable extent. The production process of the equipment manufacturing industry must also achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction, so it is necessary to develop green technologies and green technologies. From the perspective of the entire life cycle of the product, the manufacturing process from design to processing to packaging and recycling is green.
Third, from the expansion of the weight of the injection to the improvement of quality
In the period of rapid development of the industry, it is often the expansion of weight, focusing on the acquisition of market orders, and it is easy to ignore the improvement of quality and ignore the improvement of internal ability. The expansion of quantity will inevitably consume too much resources, which is actually unsustainable. Equivalent expansion and paving ideas are at risk when they encounter a sudden change in the market. The current market environment is relatively severe. Enterprises should focus on the improvement of product quality, focus on the enhancement of corporate quality, and focus on the improvement of corporate capabilities. Only in this way can we develop sustainably and respond to changes in the environment and the market. The land of defeat.
Fourth, from heavy host, light foundation to main and auxiliary coordination development
In the past few years of development, in order to gain market share as soon as possible, it can be said that it has taken a "reverse development" approach, that is, first consider meeting the needs of the market, manufacturing host users, and importing key components from abroad. This road has made the equipment manufacturing industry develop rapidly, but the constraints of key components on the development of the equipment manufacturing industry are increasingly apparent. In recent years, the public opinion and atmosphere of the coordinated development of the main and the auxiliary have gradually formed, and the emphasis on the foundation and the development of key components has become a consensus. From the development of the industry to the current scale, it should be said that the return from the "reverse development" concept to the heavy foundation and the development of key components have already met the conditions. Conditional companies should extend from the development of the mainframe to the production of key components.
5. From analogy learning to independent innovation
In the past, the innovation ability of equipment manufacturing enterprises was weak, and “products looked at peersâ€. Once a certain product came out in the market, many enterprises immediately followed up and immediately flooded the market with similar products. The analogy of these companies cannot be said to be weak, but not a long-term solution. User needs are constantly changing, and the market is ultimately in favor of innovation. The analogy has always been killed in the "Red Sea", and innovation can swim in the "Blue Ocean". Independent innovation requires the accumulation of technological capabilities. Increasing investment in science and technology, stimulating scientific and technological personnel, and focusing on the accumulation of technological capabilities are the technical foundation for the transformation and upgrading of equipment manufacturing enterprises.
Sixth, from hard and soft to soft and hard
Hardware is tangible and easy to see, but software is important but often overlooked. When technological transformation, it is important to cover the plant and add equipment, but the process, process, management and skills are more important. The same equipment, different companies can produce different quality products, the key is in the mastery of technology, process, management and skills. The competition among enterprises depends to a greater extent on the strength of soft power. The development of industry is largely due to the quality of the soft environment. Both soft and hard, both for the region, for the industry, for the enterprise, are important measures to enhance themselves.
Seven, from the emphasis on general-purpose to development-specific
General-purpose products are the big road goods in the equipment manufacturing industry. They are also familiar and good at most companies, but they are also the most competitive. The needs of users are not only constantly changing, but also the diversification and personalization of requirements are becoming more and more prominent. The general-purpose products have been difficult to adapt to market changes and user requirements.
The special-purpose products are designed for users' processes and working conditions, with high efficiency, good efficiency, simple operation and refined functions, which are more popular among users. A dedicated product is also a resource saving compared to a general-purpose product. Enterprises need to continuously develop various specialized products that adapt to the market and meet user requirements, which not only achieve differentiated competition, but also adjust product structure.
8. From becoming familiar with traditional industries and focusing on emerging industries
The traditional user of the equipment manufacturing industry is steel and electric coal oil. The general product is the pump and valve machine, which mainly corresponds to the demand of the heavy chemical industry. With the emergence of new technologies, changes in the way of economic development and the evolution of social structure, a number of new industries are growing up around the requirements of improving people's quality of life and developing a low-carbon economy. Some of the high-end equipment needed in the fields of next-generation communication networks, biomedicine, energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy, new materials and electric vehicles are just beginning, some are still very low, and some are very unfamiliar. The attractive equipment needed for these emerging industries will be a new growth point for the equipment manufacturing industry and an important aspect of product upgrades.
Nine, from focusing on mechanical technology to integrating information technology
Mechanical engineering technology is a versatile basic technology and a traditional technology. The rapid changes in technological changes have also injected new elements and new vitality into mechanical engineering technology. Among them, the combination and integration of information and communication technologies is the most extensive and effective. The integration of information technology into mechanical products, from product design and manufacturing processes to enterprise management application information technology, has become an irreversible trend and reality. Today, equipment manufacturers are far from able to leave information technology. The integration of equipment manufacturing and information and communication technologies is progressing in depth and breadth. It is far from enough to focus on the development of mechanical technology. Proactively integrating information and communication technology with mechanical manufacturing technology will definitely make profound changes in the equipment manufacturing industry, and the equipment manufacturing industry will leap to a new stage of development.
X. From extensive management to lean management
China's equipment manufacturing industry has entered the forefront of the world in terms of total volume and scale, but the level, efficiency and efficiency of the industry are not far behind those of advanced countries. Many equipment manufacturing enterprises are still extensive management and extensional growth, and some even stay in workshop-style production, resulting in a lot of waste of resources and environmental degradation. Lean management is to regard the enterprise as a system, to seek coordination, smoothness and refinement in all links and parts of the system, to remove all unnecessary waste, and to make the system operate efficiently.
This is a process, a gradual process of continuous improvement. An industry also has lean problems. The coordination of the internal structure of the industry, the seamless connection of internal and external links in the production process, and the matching of production capacity and demand are the key to whether an industry can operate efficiently. Lean management. China's equipment manufacturing industry has gone from extensive management to lean management, which has not attracted widespread attention. The task is very arduous and there is still a long way to go.
In recent years, I have been deeply aware of the necessity and urgency of the transformation and upgrading of China's equipment manufacturing industry in the investigation of many regions and many equipment manufacturing enterprises. I know that the current strategic transition period is rare and fleeting. Transformation and upgrading, it is only possible for every equipment manufacturing enterprise to make unremitting efforts in the above 10 aspects.
First, from production-oriented manufacturing to service-oriented manufacturing
China's manufacturing industry is a manufacturing industry with processing, production, assembly and assembly as the mainstay, as well as equipment manufacturing. This form of industry has high resource consumption, large environmental impact, and low efficiency. The trend of manufacturing development is the industrial form of product manufacturing and value-added services, namely service-oriented manufacturing. Therefore, China's equipment manufacturing industry should accelerate the development of modern manufacturing service industry, extend to the two stages of processing, production and assembly, enhance its position in the world manufacturing value chain, improve its international competitiveness, and improve its ability and level of service to users.
Second, from high consumption and pollution to green manufacturing
Although China's equipment manufacturing industry is not a high-energy-consuming industry, its impact on the environment is much smaller than that of some industries. However, compared with the international advanced level, the gap is very large. The equipment manufacturing industry is an industry that provides equipment to various industrial sectors. The level of equipment determines the level of energy conservation and consumption reduction of users to a considerable extent. The production process of the equipment manufacturing industry must also achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction, so it is necessary to develop green technologies and green technologies. From the perspective of the entire life cycle of the product, the manufacturing process from design to processing to packaging and recycling is green.
Third, from the expansion of the weight of the injection to the improvement of quality
In the period of rapid development of the industry, it is often the expansion of weight, focusing on the acquisition of market orders, and it is easy to ignore the improvement of quality and ignore the improvement of internal ability. The expansion of quantity will inevitably consume too much resources, which is actually unsustainable. Equivalent expansion and paving ideas are at risk when they encounter a sudden change in the market. The current market environment is relatively severe. Enterprises should focus on the improvement of product quality, focus on the enhancement of corporate quality, and focus on the improvement of corporate capabilities. Only in this way can we develop sustainably and respond to changes in the environment and the market. The land of defeat.
Fourth, from heavy host, light foundation to main and auxiliary coordination development
In the past few years of development, in order to gain market share as soon as possible, it can be said that it has taken a "reverse development" approach, that is, first consider meeting the needs of the market, manufacturing host users, and importing key components from abroad. This road has made the equipment manufacturing industry develop rapidly, but the constraints of key components on the development of the equipment manufacturing industry are increasingly apparent. In recent years, the public opinion and atmosphere of the coordinated development of the main and the auxiliary have gradually formed, and the emphasis on the foundation and the development of key components has become a consensus. From the development of the industry to the current scale, it should be said that the return from the "reverse development" concept to the heavy foundation and the development of key components have already met the conditions. Conditional companies should extend from the development of the mainframe to the production of key components.
5. From analogy learning to independent innovation
In the past, the innovation ability of equipment manufacturing enterprises was weak, and “products looked at peersâ€. Once a certain product came out in the market, many enterprises immediately followed up and immediately flooded the market with similar products. The analogy of these companies cannot be said to be weak, but not a long-term solution. User needs are constantly changing, and the market is ultimately in favor of innovation. The analogy has always been killed in the "Red Sea", and innovation can swim in the "Blue Ocean". Independent innovation requires the accumulation of technological capabilities. Increasing investment in science and technology, stimulating scientific and technological personnel, and focusing on the accumulation of technological capabilities are the technical foundation for the transformation and upgrading of equipment manufacturing enterprises.
Sixth, from hard and soft to soft and hard
Hardware is tangible and easy to see, but software is important but often overlooked. When technological transformation, it is important to cover the plant and add equipment, but the process, process, management and skills are more important. The same equipment, different companies can produce different quality products, the key is in the mastery of technology, process, management and skills. The competition among enterprises depends to a greater extent on the strength of soft power. The development of industry is largely due to the quality of the soft environment. Both soft and hard, both for the region, for the industry, for the enterprise, are important measures to enhance themselves.
Seven, from the emphasis on general-purpose to development-specific
General-purpose products are the big road goods in the equipment manufacturing industry. They are also familiar and good at most companies, but they are also the most competitive. The needs of users are not only constantly changing, but also the diversification and personalization of requirements are becoming more and more prominent. The general-purpose products have been difficult to adapt to market changes and user requirements.
The special-purpose products are designed for users' processes and working conditions, with high efficiency, good efficiency, simple operation and refined functions, which are more popular among users. A dedicated product is also a resource saving compared to a general-purpose product. Enterprises need to continuously develop various specialized products that adapt to the market and meet user requirements, which not only achieve differentiated competition, but also adjust product structure.
8. From becoming familiar with traditional industries and focusing on emerging industries
The traditional user of the equipment manufacturing industry is steel and electric coal oil. The general product is the pump and valve machine, which mainly corresponds to the demand of the heavy chemical industry. With the emergence of new technologies, changes in the way of economic development and the evolution of social structure, a number of new industries are growing up around the requirements of improving people's quality of life and developing a low-carbon economy. Some of the high-end equipment needed in the fields of next-generation communication networks, biomedicine, energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy, new materials and electric vehicles are just beginning, some are still very low, and some are very unfamiliar. The attractive equipment needed for these emerging industries will be a new growth point for the equipment manufacturing industry and an important aspect of product upgrades.
Nine, from focusing on mechanical technology to integrating information technology
Mechanical engineering technology is a versatile basic technology and a traditional technology. The rapid changes in technological changes have also injected new elements and new vitality into mechanical engineering technology. Among them, the combination and integration of information and communication technologies is the most extensive and effective. The integration of information technology into mechanical products, from product design and manufacturing processes to enterprise management application information technology, has become an irreversible trend and reality. Today, equipment manufacturers are far from able to leave information technology. The integration of equipment manufacturing and information and communication technologies is progressing in depth and breadth. It is far from enough to focus on the development of mechanical technology. Proactively integrating information and communication technology with mechanical manufacturing technology will definitely make profound changes in the equipment manufacturing industry, and the equipment manufacturing industry will leap to a new stage of development.
X. From extensive management to lean management
China's equipment manufacturing industry has entered the forefront of the world in terms of total volume and scale, but the level, efficiency and efficiency of the industry are not far behind those of advanced countries. Many equipment manufacturing enterprises are still extensive management and extensional growth, and some even stay in workshop-style production, resulting in a lot of waste of resources and environmental degradation. Lean management is to regard the enterprise as a system, to seek coordination, smoothness and refinement in all links and parts of the system, to remove all unnecessary waste, and to make the system operate efficiently.
This is a process, a gradual process of continuous improvement. An industry also has lean problems. The coordination of the internal structure of the industry, the seamless connection of internal and external links in the production process, and the matching of production capacity and demand are the key to whether an industry can operate efficiently. Lean management. China's equipment manufacturing industry has gone from extensive management to lean management, which has not attracted widespread attention. The task is very arduous and there is still a long way to go.
In recent years, I have been deeply aware of the necessity and urgency of the transformation and upgrading of China's equipment manufacturing industry in the investigation of many regions and many equipment manufacturing enterprises. I know that the current strategic transition period is rare and fleeting. Transformation and upgrading, it is only possible for every equipment manufacturing enterprise to make unremitting efforts in the above 10 aspects.
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