Aluminum alloy spatial grid structures are typically composed of uniform or slightly varied basic units arranged in a three-dimensional pattern. These systems effectively transmit and distribute forces throughout the structure. The aluminum alloy spatial grids discussed in this paper include single-layer and double-layer reticulated shells, as well as grid frameworks. When classified by joint stiffness, aluminum alloy grids and double-layer reticulated shells are considered articulated systems, while single-layer reticulated shells are rigid-jointed systems. In structural analysis, it is common to assume that joints are hinged, meaning that members only experience axial forces. However, for single-layer reticulated shells, if the joints are assumed to be rigidly connected, the members must also account for bending moments, torsion, and shear forces. Based on unit composition, aluminum alloy space grid structures can be categorized as rigid-unit systems. These include single-layer reticulated shells using beam elements, grid frames using rod elements, and double-layer reticulated shells. Rod elements correspond to hinge systems, where each node has three degrees of freedom and is only subjected to axial forces. Beam elements, on the other hand, represent rigid connections, with six degrees of freedom per node, and the members experience both axial forces and significant bending. In reality, no engineering node is perfectly hinged or fully rigid—most are semi-rigid. Structural models are simplifications used for analysis, but they should reflect actual behavior as closely as possible to ensure structural safety and reliability.
From a morphological perspective, grid structures tend to have higher density compared to single-layer lattice shells. This high-density arrangement leads to greater redundancy in components, which may result in overcapacity. In contrast, single-layer lattice shells often have fewer or no redundant components, significantly affecting their overall buckling performance. This makes the choice of structural system critical for stability and load distribution.
2.1 Application of Aluminum Alloy Spatial Grid Structures Abroad The concept of lattice shell structures dates back to 1863, when German engineer Schwedler, known as the "father of the dome," designed and constructed an early steel lattice shell. The first grid frame structure was built in Germany in 1940 using the Mero system. Over recent decades, space grid structures, including domes and grids, have seen rapid development. Compared to traditional steel grids, aluminum alloy space grid structures emerged later. One of the earliest examples was the "Exploration" dome in the UK, built in 1951. With advancements in processing technology, improved manufacturing methods, and innovations in node systems, the design and analysis of these structures have become more sophisticated. Today, aluminum alloy space grid structures are widely used not only in public buildings like stadiums, convention centers, and theaters but also in industrial applications such as large petrochemical storage tanks, dry coal storage facilities in thermal power plants, and wastewater treatment plants. Table 1 highlights some representative aluminum alloy space grid structures from abroad.
2.2 Application of Aluminum Alloy Spatial Grid Structures in China The use of spatial structures in China began in the 1950s, with the Tianjin Sports Stadium roof, completed in 1956, being a notable example. The bolted sphere node system was introduced in the 1970s, inspired by the Mero node concept. Since the 1990s, the application of aluminum alloy space grid structures has gradually increased across the country. Today, numerous structures featuring both shells and grids have been constructed, showcasing the growing adoption and maturity of this construction technique in China.
Stainless Steel Pipe Nipples,Stainless Steel Pipe Nipple ,Stainless Tube Fittings,Stainless Steel Union
WENZHOU DIYE VALVE&FITTINGS CO.,LTD , https://www.diye-valve.com