Bacterial bio-insecticides offer numerous advantages, such as a high insecticidal efficiency, environmental safety, no harm to beneficial insects, and being harmless to humans and animals. Additionally, they do not lead to pest resistance, making them an ideal choice for eco-friendly farming. Their effectiveness mainly relies on the activity of bacteria within the product, so it's important to follow some key guidelines when using them.
First, always choose high-quality products from reputable manufacturers and authorized retailers. Avoid counterfeit or expired products by checking the production date and shelf life. Genuine bio-insecticides usually contain live bacteria and should have no strong odor when opened. Sometimes, you may notice a small amount of culture material, but if the product smells bad or has no smell at all, it might be old or fake.
Second, avoid applying these products in low temperatures. The active components—protein crystals and bacterial spores—are less effective in cold weather. The optimal temperature range is typically between 10°C and 35°C. If it's too cold, pests may eat less, and the treatment won't work as well.
Third, don’t use them in dry conditions. Bacterial bio-insecticides work best in a moist environment. Higher humidity increases their effectiveness, especially when applying powdered formulations. It’s best to spray in the early morning or late evening when dew is present to maintain moisture levels.
Fourth, avoid direct sunlight. UV rays can kill the bacterial spores, reducing their effectiveness. Therefore, it's best to apply these products during cloudy days or in the early morning before 10 AM, or in the late afternoon on sunny days.
Fifth, avoid spraying just before heavy rain. Rain can wash away the bacteria from plant surfaces, decreasing their effectiveness. However, light rain after 5 hours of application can actually help enhance the performance of the product.
Lastly, never mix bacterial bio-insecticides with fungicides like carbendazim or thiophanate. This can drastically reduce the number of active bacteria and weaken the insecticidal effect. Also, make sure to thoroughly clean any sprayer that has been used for bacterial products before using it for other types of pesticides.
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