Bacterial bio-insecticides offer numerous advantages, including a high insecticidal efficiency, no environmental pollution, safety for beneficial insects, and no harm to humans or animals. Moreover, they do not lead to pest resistance, making them ideal for use in eco-friendly agricultural practices. Their effectiveness mainly relies on the activity of bacteria within the product, so it's essential to follow some key guidelines when using them.
First, always choose high-quality products from reputable manufacturers and authorized retailers. Avoid counterfeit or low-quality options, and check the expiration date and storage conditions carefully. Genuine bacterial bio-insecticides typically contain live bacteria and should have a neutral smell when opened. Sometimes, you may notice a small amount of culture material (like citron), but expired or fake products might either have a strong odor or no smell at all.
Second, avoid applying these products in cold weather. The active components—protein crystals and living spores—are less effective at low temperatures. Spores grow slowly inside pests, and the protein crystals may not function properly. The optimal temperature range is between 10°C and 35°C. If it's too cold, the pests may eat less, which can reduce the effectiveness of the treatment.
Third, don’t apply in dry conditions. Bacterial bio-insecticides work best in humid environments. Higher humidity increases their efficacy, especially when using powdered formulations. It’s best to spray in the early morning or late evening when dew is present, as this helps maintain moisture on plant surfaces.
Fourth, avoid direct sunlight. Ultraviolet light from the sun can damage the bacterial spores, reducing their viability. Therefore, it’s recommended to apply bio-insecticides during low-light periods, such as early morning before 10 AM or in the evening on sunny days.
Fifth, be cautious of heavy rain. If it rains shortly after application, the bacteria on the plants may be washed away, decreasing the effectiveness of the treatment. However, light rain that occurs more than five hours after application can actually help improve the performance of the product by aiding its spread.
Lastly, avoid mixing with fungicides. Products like carbendazim or thiophanate can significantly reduce the number of viable bacteria in the formulation, leading to poor results. Even if you’ve previously used a bactericide, make sure to thoroughly rinse the sprayer before applying a new batch of bio-insecticide to prevent cross-contamination.
By following these simple tips, you can maximize the benefits of bacterial bio-insecticides while ensuring safe and effective pest control.
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