Plastic machinery comes in various types, and based on the processing technology, it can be broadly categorized into three main groups: extruders, injection molding machines, and blow molding machines. Each type serves a specific purpose in the plastics industry.
Extruder
An extruder is a machine that melts and pushes plastic through a shaped die, creating continuous profiles like tubes, rods, or sheets. After being extruded, the material is cooled using water and then cut to size. This process is ideal for producing items with consistent cross-sections in large quantities.
Extruders are commonly used for continuous production of plastic products and can also be used for plastic modification and granulation. The basic principle involves a rotating screw inside a barrel that moves the material forward. The screw acts like a helical ramp, compressing and heating the plastic as it moves through the barrel. Three main resistances must be overcome during this process: friction between solid particles and the barrel wall, adhesion of the material to the barrel, and internal flow resistance of the molten plastic.
There are two main types of extruders: single-screw and twin-screw. Single-screw extruders are simpler and more common, while twin-screw extruders offer better mixing and are often used in more complex applications.
Injection Molding Machine
Injection molding machines work by injecting molten plastic into a mold cavity, where it cools and solidifies into the desired shape. These machines are widely used across industries due to their efficiency and versatility. They are particularly useful for mass-producing complex parts with high precision.
Injection molding machines are not only used for direct production but also play a key role in processes like injection-blowing. Modern injection molding machines come with advanced control systems that enhance performance and safety.
Control System Features of Injection Molding Machines:
- Advanced computer control from reputable manufacturers;
- Self-diagnosis for fault detection;
- Direct input of parameters such as pressure, speed, time, stroke, and temperature;
- Color LCD display for easy monitoring;
- Centralized lubrication system;
- Pressure coupling oil circuit for energy savings;
- 24V DC oil pressure directional valve coil that is durable and resistant to damage;
- Mold cooling water regulation device;
- MCB-based electrical heating control;
- Advanced computer control system with a large screen and user-friendly interface;
- High-precision electronic ruler with ±0.1mm accuracy;
- Pressure and oil quantity feedback to improve reproducibility;
- Triple safety system (mechanical, electrical, and hydraulic) for operator protection;
- High-quality position sensors for improved operability;
- Closed-loop control for ultra-precise molding.
The term "plastic machinery" refers to the equipment used in the transformation of raw plastic materials into finished products. In the industry, the terms "plastic" and "plastics" are often used interchangeably, though they have slightly different meanings. Historically, factories were referred to as "plastic factories," especially in mainland China, while in Hong Kong and Taiwan, they were called "plastic companies." Today, many Chinese enterprises use the name "Plastics Co., Ltd." to align with international business standards and facilitate communication with foreign partners.
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