Summary of the general idea of "Made in China 2025" is to adhere to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, in order to promote innovation and the development of manufacturing as the theme to accelerate the generation of information technology and manufacturing depth of integration as the main line, to promote intelligent manufacturing as the main direction, strengthen Industrial basic ability, mention...
The overall idea of ​​"Made in China 2025" is to adhere to the new industrialization road with Chinese characteristics, to promote the innovation and development of manufacturing industry, to accelerate the integration of the next generation of information technology and manufacturing industry, to promote intelligent manufacturing as the main direction and strengthen industry. Basic ability, improve the level of comprehensive integration, improve the multi-level talent system, and realize the historical leap of manufacturing from large to strong. In the next ten years, the focus of China's manufacturing industry development is not to pursue higher growth rates, but to focus on the overall requirements of “innovation-driven, quality-first, green development, structural optimization, and talent-orientedâ€. Quality and efficiency. First, we must adhere to the drive of innovation and put innovation at the core of the overall development of the manufacturing industry. Innovation is an important engine for the development of manufacturing industry and a key core for building and manufacturing a strong country. The continuous innovation and development of technology will not only promote the productivity improvement and product performance improvement in the traditional manufacturing field, but also bring about the emergence of new materials, new energy, new biological products and new equipment in a large number of strategic emerging industries, and promote the manufacturing industry. Upgrade. China's R&D investment scale has been in the forefront of the world in recent years. In 2013, the total social research and development expenditure was 1.18 trillion yuan, and the R&D investment intensity exceeded 2% for the first time. However, compared with the world powers, there is still a big gap in industrial innovation capabilities. China's technology dependence on foreign countries is as high as 50%, 95% of high-end CNC systems, 80% of chips, almost all high-end hydraulic parts, seals and engines rely on imports. We must place our ability to enhance innovation in a more prominent position, strengthen key core technology research, accelerate the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, improve the innovation capabilities of key links and key areas, and take an innovation-driven development path.
The second is to insist on quality first and quality as the key core of building and manufacturing a strong country. High quality is one of the most important indicators of the manufacturing industry. It reflects the overall strength of a country from the perspective of market competition. It is not only a reflection of the core competitiveness of enterprises and industries, but also a representation of the degree of national and national civilization. It is not only technological innovation and management. The integration of factors such as ability and labor quality is a comprehensive reflection of the rule of law environment, cultural education, and integrity construction. For more than a decade, the overall quality level of China's manufacturing industry has been continuously improved, which has ensured stable growth of consumption and sustained economic development. But with the changes in consumer demand, the demand for quality is increasing. In the field of consumer consumption, quantity consumption is shifting towards quality consumption; from daily consumer goods to durable goods and capital goods; from 100 yuan, thousand yuan consumption level to 10,000 yuan, 100,000 yuan consumption level. In the field of productive consumption, higher requirements are placed on the stability of key basic materials, the consistency of performance of basic components/components, and the reliability of major equipment. Good quality, playing the role of an amplifier, helping to expand demand and expand the market. If the quality is not good, it will act as a retarder, suppress or transfer demand, and even affect the country's international reputation. "Made in China 2025" proposes that quality must be taken as the lifeline of building and manufacturing power, comprehensively consolidate the product quality foundation, continuously enhance the corporate brand value and the overall image of "Made in China", and take the development path of winning by quality.
The third is to adhere to green development and regard sustainable development as an important focus for building and manufacturing a strong country. Green development is the key to cracking the bottleneck of resources, energy and environment, and is the only way to achieve sustainable development of manufacturing. For the first time, the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward green development, circular development and low-carbon development. Green is the new requirement of development, and circulation is the way to improve resource efficiency. Low carbon is the goal of energy strategy adjustment. All three require saving resources and energy, improving resource and energy utilization efficiency; all require protection of the environment and full consideration of ecosystem carrying Ability to reduce the impact of pollution on human health; the goal is to form an industrial structure, growth mode and consumption model that conserves resources, energy and protects the ecological environment to promote the construction of ecological civilization. Advancing the green development of China's manufacturing industry has reached a very urgent and critical moment. On the one hand, China's demand for global resources is large. For example, China's crude oil demand accounted for 44% of global crude oil demand increase, iron ore demand increased by about 105.1% of the world, bauxite demand increased by about 78% of the world's total, and copper demand increased by about the world. 149.5%. On the other hand, China's heavy chemical product output accounts for a large global market share. In 2013, China's crude steel production accounted for 52% of global production; electrolytic aluminum accounted for 46%; refined oil accounted for 12%, ethylene accounted for 12%; chemical fertilizer accounted for 35%; cement production accounted for 58%, flat glass accounted for 60%; And cardboard accounted for 25%. In this context, economic development can no longer rely on a large amount of investment and capacity expansion to achieve economic development at the expense of the environment! . "Made in China 2025" proposes that we must resolutely implement the principles of reduction, reuse, and resource utilization, comprehensively promote green development, circular development, and low-carbon development, build a green manufacturing system, and take the development path of ecological civilization.
The fourth is to adhere to structural optimization and make structural adjustment a prominent focus of building and manufacturing a strong country. Adjusting structure and promoting upgrading has always been the central task of China's manufacturing industry. Under the current economic and social development situation in China, the adjustment and optimization of economic structure is an urgent and important issue. In the process of moving towards a manufacturing power, national defense security, industrial and agricultural production, infrastructure construction, and people's lives all have different levels of demand for manufacturing. Establishing a comprehensive and multi-level manufacturing industry system is a development feature of China's manufacturing industry. While focusing on the development of high-end manufacturing and advanced manufacturing, we must pay special attention to improving and improving the efficiency and quality of labor-intensive industries, paying attention to the development of the civilian production industry; promoting the development of modern manufacturing service industry and the interactive development with the manufacturing industry, optimizing the industry. structure. Cultivate a group of world-class multinational corporations and a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises with innovative vitality and specialization, and optimize the industrial organization structure. Improve the level and quality of industrial agglomeration, cultivate a group of internationalized characteristic manufacturing clusters; promote the transfer of labor-intensive industries to the central and western regions, and adjust and optimize the industrial space layout. "Made in China 2025" proposes optimized paths and measures from multiple dimensions such as industry structure, technical structure, organizational structure, spatial structure, and even product and market structure, and takes the development path of improving quality and efficiency.
The fifth is to adhere to the talent-based principle and regard talents as the fundamental prerequisite for building and manufacturing a strong country. Talents are those who have certain professional knowledge or specialized skills, carry out creative work and contribute to society, and are laborers with high ability and quality in human resources. Talents are the backbone of building and manufacturing a strong country, and a strong country must be a talented country. All countries attach great importance to the cultivation of talents. The United States has cultivated a large number of scientific and technological innovation talents and professional and technical talents based on a number of outstanding institutions of higher learning such as Ivy League, and has become the most creative manufacturing power. Germany has long adhered to and promoted dual-track education. That is to say, the apprenticeship system has cultivated a large number of high-quality technical and skilled talents, and has created a "Made in Germany" with the quality of artisans. The talent-strengthening country has risen to the national strategy and is "improving the country's core competitiveness and comprehensive national strength, providing an important guarantee for building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." Adhering to the talent-oriented principle is to make full use of our talent resources and realize the transformation from a human resource country to a talent power country; to play our wisdom and wisdom, to realize the leap from China's manufacturing to China's creation; to change through education, cultivation and other means. The “demographic dividend†is a “talent dividendâ€. It relies on technological innovation and relies on excellent quality to promote the strategic goal of manufacturing a strong country. In "Made in China 2025", it is clearly stated that it is necessary to accelerate the cultivation of the management and management talents, professional and technical personnel, and skilled personnel that are urgently needed for the development of the manufacturing industry, and to build a team of manufacturing talents with excellent quality and reasonable structure, and take the development path led by talents.
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