The principle of solar photovoltaic power generation

Solar photovoltaic power generation relies on solar cell components and utilizes the electronic properties of semiconductor materials. When sunlight shines on the semiconductor PN junction, a strong built-in electrostatic field is generated in the P-N junction barrier region, resulting in a potential barrier. Non-equilibrium electrons and holes in the region or non-equilibrium electrons and holes generated outside the barrier region but diffused into the barrier region are each moved in the opposite direction away from the barrier region under the action of the built-in electrostatic field. As a result, the potential in the P region increases and the potential in the N region decreases, thereby generating voltage and current in the external circuit and converting the light energy into electrical energy.

Solar photovoltaic power generation systems can be broadly classified into two types. One is a grid-connected power generation system, which is connected to a public power grid through a standard interface, like a small power plant, and the other is a stand-alone power generation system, that is, on its own Circuits are formed inside the closed circuit system. The grid-connected power generation system converts the received solar radiation energy into high-voltage direct current through the high-frequency direct current through the photovoltaic array, and outputs the same-frequency and in-phase sinusoidal alternating current to the power grid after the inverter is inverted. The stand-alone power generation system photovoltaic array will first convert the received solar radiation energy directly into an electrical energy supply load, and store the multi-enthalpy energy in the form of chemical energy in the storage battery after passing through the charge controller.

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