Abstract Machining Center is a high-precision processing equipment with strong automatic processing. Its whole processing process is completed under the control of CNC numerical control system. It can process some very unique composite materials. Now the composite materials are widely used in us. Every aspect of life, especially...
The machining center is a high-precision machining equipment with strong automatic processing. Its entire machining process is completed under the control of CNC numerical control system. It can process some very unique composite materials. Now the composite materials are widely used in our life. All aspects of the industry, especially the aerospace industry, some ultra-precision machinery industry! Because composite materials often have the stiffness, thickness, weight, strength, etc. of materials that are not possessed by our daily ordinary materials, these aspects of composite materials have been greatly improved! But what problems should the machining center pay attention to when processing composite materials? In the face of the processing of these composite materials, we must precisely process according to the type of composite materials.
Here is a brief introduction to some of the problems that the machining center should pay attention to when processing composite materials:
I. Types of composite materials in processing centers Composite materials are classified into metal and metal composite materials, non-metal and metal composite materials, non-metal and non-metal composite materials according to their composition. According to its structural characteristics, it is further divided into:
1. Fiber composite materials. Various fiber reinforcements are composited in a matrix material. Such as fiber reinforced plastics, fiber reinforced metals, and the like.
2, sandwich composite material. It is made up of a combination of surface materials and core materials with different properties. Usually the surface material is high and thin; the core material is light and low in strength, but has a certain rigidity and thickness. Divided into solid sandwich and honeycomb sandwich.
3. Fine-grain composite materials. The hard fine particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix, such as a dispersion strengthened alloy, a cermet, or the like.
4. Hybrid composite materials. It is composed of two or more kinds of reinforcing phase materials mixed in one matrix phase material. Compared with ordinary single-reinforcing phase composite materials, its impact strength, fatigue strength and fracture toughness are significantly improved, and it has special thermal expansion properties. It is divided into intra-layer hybrid, inter-layer hybrid, sandwich hybrid, intra-layer/inter-layer hybrid and super hybrid composite.
Second, the processing center should pay attention to some problems when processing composite materials 1. The carbon fiber composite material has low interlayer strength and is easy to produce delamination under the action of cutting force, so the drilling or trimming should reduce the axial force. Drilling requires high speed and small feed. The machining center speed is generally 3000~6000r/min, and the feed rate is 0.01~0.04mm/r. The drill bit is made of three-pointed two-blade or two-point two-blade. The sharp knife The tip can first cut the carbon fiber layer, and the two edges repair the hole wall. The diamond-encrusted bit has sharpness and wear resistance. Drilling of composite materials and titanium alloy interlayers is a difficult problem. Generally, solid carbide drills are used to drill the cutting parameters of titanium alloys, drilling from the titanium alloy side until drilling, and adding lubricant during drilling. Relieve composite burns. Boeing has developed a PCD combination drill for drilling holes in the sandwich.
2, 3 types of new solid carbide composite material processing special milling cutters have better cutting effect, they all have some common features: high rigidity, small helix angle, even 0 °, specially designed herringbone blade can be effective Reduce the axial cutting force of the machining center and reduce the delamination, and the processing efficiency and effect are very good.
3. The composite material is powdery, which is harmful to human health. It should be vacuumed by a high-power vacuum cleaner. Water cooling can also effectively reduce dust pollution.
4. Carbon fiber composite members are generally large in size, complex in shape and structure, high in hardness and strength, and are difficult to process materials. During the cutting process, the cutting force is large, the cutting heat is not easy to pass out, in severe cases, the resin is burned or the resin is softened, and the tool wear is severe. Therefore, the tool is the key to carbon fiber processing, and the cutting mechanism is closer to grinding than milling. The cutting line speed of the machining center is usually greater than 500m/min, and the high-speed small feed strategy is adopted. The trimming tool generally uses a solid carbide knurling cutter, an electroplated diamond particle grinding wheel, a diamond milling cutter, and a copper-based diamond particle saw blade.
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