In actual glass production, excessively increasing the content of the fining agent does not solve the bubble problem, and sometimes it has the opposite effect, and it may even cause other defects such as the increase in the amount of stones. Choosing the right fining agent and optimizing the coordination of the fining agent is the key to reducing the glass bubbles in the picture tube. Reducing the Viscosity of the Molten Glass to Improve the Reduction of the Surface Tension Viscosity of the Liquid Glass Not only can the rising speed of the bubble be increased, but also the amount of escape of the bubble per unit time can be increased. The bubble size is approximately inversely proportional to the pressure generated by the surface tension. The larger the surface tension is, the smaller the bubbles are, and the more difficult it is to escape the glass surface.
By adjusting the glass composition and the melting temperature, the viscosity of the molten glass can be reduced, and the surface tension of the glass liquid can be improved to achieve the purpose of bubble precipitation. In the clarification process, the rising speed of the air bubble is proportional to the square of the radius of the air bubble and inversely proportional to the viscosity of the glass liquid. Therefore, the higher the fining temperature of the glass, the smaller the viscosity and the faster the bubble rises. On the contrary, the rate of rise of the bubble slows down. However, it should be noted that an excessively high fining temperature will increase the erosion of the refractories by the glass liquid, and will easily generate small bubbles. The crucible as a fining agent has the following balance in the glass: the equilibrium of the oxidation reaction depends on the temperature and the glass flow. Choose the right refractory material. Refractory erosion is not only the main reason for the formation of bubbles in the glass, but also the main source of defects such as stones and stripes in the glass. Therefore, the selection of high-quality refractories in the kiln, especially in areas exposed to glass, is the key to the reduction of defects in bubbles in glass products.
Mineral fertilizers greatly affect the soil (its physical, chemical, and biologic properties) and plants. In soil, mineral fertilizers undergo various changes that influence the solubility of their nutrients, their permeability, and their availability to plants. The nature and intensity of these changes are dependent on properties of the soil. At the same time, mineral fertilizers have a great effect on the soil; for example, they enrich the soil with nutrients, alter the reaction of the soil solution, and influence microbiological processes. Because plants receive nutrients through their roots, the addition of mineral fertilizers to soil can actively affect plantgrowth and development and, consequently, the general productivity of a field or meadow.
When correctly used, mineral fertilizers are the most efficient means of increasing crop yields and quality (technological properties of fiber plants; sugar content of beets, fruits, and berries; protein content of grain; oil content of sunflowers). The amount of mineral fertilizers applied per hectare (ha) of crops is one of the main indicators of the productivity of agriculture, particularly of its most important branch, crop cultivation.
mineral fertilizer
Hebei Monband Water Soluble Fertilizer Co., Ltd. , https://www.wsfertilizer.com