Volumetric compressors work by directly compressing gas to increase its pressure, which reduces the volume of the gas. These types of compressors are divided into two main categories: rotary and reciprocating, depending on the motion of the piston within the cylinder. Most air compressors used in oxygen chambers are volumetric, such as those produced by Shijiazhuang Cold Storage.
1. Rotor Deformation
The performance of a dry screw air compressor is highly dependent on the sealing clearance between the rotors when they engage. There are several leakage paths, including between the rotors themselves, between the rotors and the casing, and these gaps can significantly affect the volumetric efficiency and overall performance of the system. In real-world operation, the rotor undergoes thermal and mechanical deformation due to temperature and force conditions, leading to a difference between the actual running clearance and the designed gap. If the clearance is too large, it increases leakage and reduces efficiency. Conversely, if the clearance is too small, it can cause friction, overheating, and even seizure.
Although the overall temperature difference across the rotor is not significant, there is still a variation in radial deformation along the length of the rotor. This occurs because the rotor has a complex shape with spiral teeth and grooves, rather than being perfectly axisymmetric. Analysis of the radial deformation of male and female rotors along the contact line shows that while there may be differences in deformation along the axial direction, the total deformation of both rotors remains relatively consistent. Moreover, the total deformation varies linearly with temperature. Since dry screw compressors tend to operate at higher discharge temperatures, it's important to either increase the design clearance or implement effective cooling methods to prevent rotor damage or tooth failure.
2. Coating Failure
Poor-quality rotor coatings can degrade over time, exposing the rotor to air, airborne contaminants, and temperature fluctuations. This can lead to reduced performance and even serious mechanical damage. The application of anti-corrosion coatings is a challenging process. Today, common materials include molybdenum disulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and molybdenum-based coatings. These materials help improve wear resistance and reduce friction between the rotors.
This article is contributed by Deslan Compressor (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., a member of the Shanghai Air Compressor Association. Please cite the source and respect the copyright.
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