I. Status quo and major issues of environmental protection in the chemical industry (I) Environmental protection in the chemical industry During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the chemical industry conscientiously implemented the national environmental protection guidelines and policies, and closely focused on environmental protection such as pollutant emission reduction, clean production, and heavy metal pollution prevention and control. The focus and difficulties of the Group actively carried out work and promoted the healthy and sustainable development of the industry's environmental protection.
First, the technical support for pollution reduction has been continuously strengthened. The second is the effectiveness of the implementation of Responsible Care. The third is the comprehensive advancement of clean production. The fourth is the initial effect of prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.
On the whole, by strengthening the research and development of pollution reduction technologies, promoting the implementation of Responsible Care, accelerating the promotion of cleaner production, and giving full play to typical demonstration initiatives, the recycling rate of wastewater in the chemical industry has increased from 88% to 90%, and industrial wastewater has been discharged. The compliance rate has been increased from 92% to 95%; the compliance rate of boiler combustion exhaust fumes has been increased from 87% to 90%, and the comprehensive utilization and disposal rate of industrial solid waste has increased from 80% to 85%. Emissions of chemical oxygen demand decreased by 25.0% compared with 2005; ammonia emissions decreased by 60.0% compared with 2005; emissions of carbon dioxide* decreased by 16.5% compared to 2005; major pollutant discharges were all completed ahead of schedule of the “Eleventh Five-Year Planâ€. The goal has made important contributions to the completion of the constraint indicators for pollution reduction in the industrial sector.
(II) Main problems existing Since the “Eleventh Five-Year Planâ€, although the chemical industry has made great achievements in environmental protection work, many deep-seated problems accumulated by the extensive development mode of the industry over the years have made it difficult to do current work. Adapting to the new situation, new tasks and new requirements is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
First, the task of pollution reduction is still very arduous. In 2009, the chemical industry discharged 2.97 billion tons of industrial wastewater and 2.3 trillion cubic meters of industrial waste, generating 130 million tons of industrial solid waste, which accounted for 14.2%, 5.3% and 6.6% of the total industrial "three wastes" emissions of the country respectively. The second, fourth and fifth places. Among them, the discharge of chemical oxygen demand was 427,000 tons, ammonia nitrogen was 88,000 tons, *97.5 million tons of carbon dioxide, and 540 thousand tons of nitrogen oxides, which ranked 3rd, 1st, 4th, and 4th respectively in the industrial field. Some characteristic pollutants, such as ammonia nitrogen, cyanide, and hazardous wastes, rank first. At the same time, the irrationality of the industrial structure, product structure, and energy consumption structure has also caused the waste of resources and energy and environmental pressure, further aggravating the contradiction between industry development and resource environment.
Second, the technical support system for strengthening environmental protection is still not perfect. At present, there are still quite a number of backward technologies and equipment with high energy consumption, high material consumption, and high pollution still running in the industry; environmental protection investment is low, facilities are lagging behind, production process is lacking in control; resource regeneration, energy recovery and utilization technologies are few, and product development is deep The intensity is small. Although there are a number of relatively mature new technologies and technologies for energy conservation, clean production, and comprehensive utilization of “three wastesâ€, the overall number is relatively small and the level is relatively low, especially the lack of key generic technologies such as pesticides, dyes The fine chemical industry's high-concentration refractory organic wastewater treatment technologies and high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment technologies have not yet made fundamental breakthroughs, and it is difficult to form strong support for promoting environmental protection.
Third, the concept of resource conservation and environmental protection has not yet reached a prominent position. At present, energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection, and clean production have become the inevitable choices and important guarantees for the transformation of the development mode of the chemical industry and the realization of sustainable development. However, some companies have not put the basic national policy of resource conservation and environmental protection into due consideration. In important positions, some have made necessary investments in hardware but lack management measures and institutional guarantees. Some corporate concepts are not in place. They have not yet realized the importance of clean production and environmental protection in improving technological levels, improving product competitiveness, and improving corporate image, and they have insufficient incentive to actively carry out environmental protection. The industry focuses on development, light economy, heavy speed, and low efficiency. It also focuses on the development of the extension, light content optimization, heavy profit growth, light resource conservation, and environmental protection. There is still a considerable market.
Second, the "12th Five-Year Plan" new trends in environmental protection work in the chemical industry The "12th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for the transformation and upgrading of China's industries. New changes will occur in the internal and external environment for the development of the chemical industry, and environmental protection work for the chemical industry. New demands have also been made.
(I) International environmental conventions The compliance requirements of the international environmental conventions require that the chemical industry do a good job of environmental protection. With the integration of the global economy, China has gradually joined and implemented a series of international conventions, such as the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Stockholm Convention, the Rotterdam Convention, the Basel Convention, and the International Mercury Convention during the negotiation period. The performance of these conventions places new demands on the environmental protection work during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period of the chemical industry. For example, in order to actively respond to climate change, the Chinese government proposed to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% by 2020. This will inevitably bring new pressure on the industrial structure adjustment and energy conservation and emission reduction work in the chemical industry.
The new pattern of international trade competition requires the chemical industry to do a good job in environmental protection. Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, a new situation has emerged in the world's industrial development. A new pattern of trade competition based on energy conservation, environmental protection and green and low carbon has taken shape. The United States, the European Union and other countries have restricted the import of products with high energy consumption, high emissions, and toxic and hazardous materials. Policies have led to fierce competition in products and increasing trade frictions, which have formed a "reversing mechanism" for the development of China's chemical industry. This requires that we must follow the trend, speed up the transformation of development methods, promote clean production in an all-round way, strengthen environmental protection, and regard green, low-carbon, clean development as an important starting point for enhancing international competitiveness of industries and breaking through green barriers.
(II) Accelerating changes in the domestic environment The economic development approach requires the chemical industry to do a good job in environmental protection. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, the State Council and the State Council require the construction of a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society as an important focal point for transforming the mode of economic development. The completion of the “12th Five-Year†energy-saving and emission-reduction targets requires that the chemical industry do a good job in environmental protection. jobs. The state has put forward new goals and new requirements for environmental protection during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, including the forthcoming introduction of new environmental taxes, environmental liability insurance and other new policies, heavy metal pollution remediation, and chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation*, nitrogen oxides The new tasks such as compliance pressure of the subject-based emission reduction targets have made the tasks faced by the chemical industry even more daunting, making it more difficult to accomplish tasks. New national environmental protection policies and regulations also require the chemical industry to do a good job in environmental protection. At the same time, the increasingly prominent environmental issues in the industry itself require that the chemical industry do a good job in environmental protection.
The Guiding Ideology and Development Goals of the Environmental Protection Work in the Chemical Industry in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan (A) The Guiding Ideology Under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the “****†important thinking, in-depth implementation of the scientific concept of development and full implementation of the Party’s Seventeenth The spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session will be to promote clean production as the main line, accelerate the adjustment of industrial structure and the promotion of technology, realize the control of the entire chemical production process, maximize the optimal allocation of resources and comprehensive utilization of “three wastesâ€, and effectively reduce chemical production pollutants. The amount of production and emissions, actively promote new technologies for environmental protection, increase the efforts in the treatment of waste water and waste gas from chemical companies, and make the situation of serious pollution in the chemical industry significantly improve, and strive to achieve the sustainable development of the chemical industry.
(b) Development goal 1. Water pollution prevention and control is centered on the conservation of water and waste water resources. By 2015, all chemical companies must implement cleanup and diversion of water, with a water reuse rate of 92%, and all waste water treatment and stable discharge standards. The chemical oxygen demand and ammonia-nitrogen emissions were reduced by 10% and 12% respectively compared with the end of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, and the wastewater discharges from the major industries were reduced by 10%.
2. The prevention and control of atmospheric pollution is centered on comprehensive utilization. By 2015, the process waste gas and waste heat available in the major chemical industries will be recycled or comprehensively utilized. The emissions of NO x and NO x decreased by 8% and 10% respectively compared with the end of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period. Boiler combustion flue gas and process exhaust gas treatment rate reaches 100%.
3. The prevention and control of solid waste pollution is centered on the reduction and recycling of waste. By 2015, the comprehensive utilization of solid waste in the chemical industry will reach 75%, and the disposal rate will reach 100%.
4. Strengthen the demonstration of typical enterprises and parks, cultivate a group of “resource-saving and environment-friendly†enterprises, and create a batch of “chemical clean production demonstration enterprises†and “chemical clean production green parksâ€.
5. The focus will be on the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution. By 2015, the use of low mercury catalysts will reach 100%, and lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic will be effectively controlled.
(III) Targets for key industries 1. The nitrogen fertilizer industry will reduce waste water discharge by 15% by 2015. More than 80% of the enterprises will achieve zero discharge of production effluent, ultra-low emission of production wastewater in particularly sensitive areas, and 15% reduction of major pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand.
(1) For 200 enterprises with a total ammonia production capacity of approximately 24 million tons/year, implement the “Zero-emission technology for nitrogen fertilizer productionâ€, and the technology penetration rate has reached over 60%. Among them, nitrogen fertilizer companies in water-scarce areas or water-sensitive areas are implementing the “Technical Transformation of Recycled Cooling Water Ultra-Low Emissions†to achieve “ultra-low emissions of nitrogen fertilizer production wastewaterâ€, and the technology penetration rate has reached over 80%.
(2) The 100 nitrogen fertilizer enterprises with a total ammonia production capacity of about 12 million tons/year will implement the technical transformation of production waste gas, solid waste treatment and comprehensive utilization of cleaner production, and the technology penetration rate will reach over 60%.
(3) Support 100 companies to use normal temperature degassing* process technology, decarbonylation dechlorination deammonia deoiling technology to implement deep gas purification technology transformation, technology penetration rate of more than 60%.
(4) Supporting 100 synthetic ammonia producers that use coal as raw materials to implement raw material gas alcohol alkylation, alcohol alkylation, trace CO, and CO2 removal clean production technology reform, so that more than 60% of production capacity of trace CO, CO2 removed to achieve clean production .
(5) Increase the promotion of advanced ammonia synthesis technology, pre-reduction catalyst, evaporative cooling (condenser), and urea CO2 dehydrogenation technologies, and support the construction of ammonia flue gas for coal-fired boilers of 130 tons/hour × 2 units or more. Take off the device.
(6) Accelerate the elimination of catalyzed and non-catalytic methods** Liquid phase semi-water gas off* process technology and other backward processes and equipment.
2. Phosphorus fertilizer industry by 2015, the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum reaches 30%, and actively promote the research and development of a variety of comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, basic control of phosphorus production fluorine pollution, do a good job of comprehensive utilization of fluoride resources.
(1) Focusing on the promotion of wet-process phosphoric acid purification technology, the penetration rate in large-scale enterprises will exceed 30%.
(2) Actively research and develop a variety of comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, increase the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, focus on doing a good job of all kinds of new types of phosphogypsum building materials, so that the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum to resource, industrialization, large-scale development, in The penetration rate in the phosphate and compound fertilizer industry is more than 30%. At the same time vigorously promote the phosphogypsum harmless treatment technology, eliminate the environmental hazards of phosphogypsum heap.
(3) Actively promote the recycling technology of fluorine-containing waste gas in the production of phosphate fertilizer, produce high value-added fluorine chemical products, increase the recovery rate of fluorine resources, do a good job of comprehensive utilization of fluorine resources, and reduce fluorine pollution.
(4) Accelerate the research and advancement of recovery technologies for associated iodine resources of phosphate ore.
3. **In 2015, the industry will basically eliminate the pollution of fluorine and arsenic, and the production of dioxane* exhaust gas will be recycled. * The utilization rate of iron slag reaches 100%.
(1) Vigorously promote the development of energy-saving and water-saving technologies for acid production and iron ore mining, and strive to achieve a penetration rate of more than 200,000 tons of sulfuric acid plants using this technology; the penetration rate of this technology will reach 30% to 40%; Million tons of capacity devices.
(2) Promote the technology of exhaust gas off-gassing, recycle SO2 in the exhaust gas of power plants and smelting acid plants.
(3) Focus shall be placed on the control of arsenic, fluorine, and heavy metal pollution in wastewater, and the use of high-arsenic ore mines by enterprises that do not have an arsenic treatment plant for mineral acid production facilities is prohibited.
(4) Further research and promotion of the comprehensive utilization technology of mineral acid slag.
4. The use of low mercury catalysts by the chlor-alkali industry by 2015 will reach 100%. The PVC industry has realized the comprehensive utilization of calcium carbide slag, and all of the polymerization mother liquor wastewater meets the reuse target. The ADC foaming agent industry has achieved ammonia-nitrogen emission standards.
——Caustic soda (1) Membrane caustic soda to complete metal expansion anode, modified diaphragm technical transformation of 300 million tons; completed 12 million tons of caustic soda production capacity application of “zero pole†ion membrane electrolyzer technology; completed production capacity of 1.4 million tons of caustic soda Cathode technology.
(2) Establish a domestic demonstration project for the application of ion-exchange membrane technology.
(3) The technology for the desalting of 22 million tons of caustic soda by brine membrane method was completed and the penetration rate reached 70%.
(4) Completion of 8 million tons of caustic soda production capacity with application of three-effect counter-current membrane evaporation technology; establishment of 2 million tons of caustic soda production capacity with application of three-phase flow caustic soda evaporation technology; establishment of 2 million tons of caustic soda production capacity with application of ultrasonic anti-scaling evaporation technology; promotion of total hydrogen chloride synthesis waste heat Utilization technology (about 6 million tons).
——PVC (1) Vigorously promote the prevention and control of mercury pollution. We will increase research on solid-solid catalyst technology, increase investment in mercury-free catalysts, establish demonstration projects for the recovery of waste mercury catalysts, and demonstration projects for recovering HgCl2 from waste mercury catalysts. Establish a high-efficiency mercury recovery demonstration project; focus on the promotion and application of low-mercury catalysts and desorption technologies.
(2) Accelerate the advancement of comprehensive recycling technology for carbide slag. Promote the entire industry of PVC production dry acetylene modification work, resulting in the recycling of calcium carbide slag.
(3) Increase the research and promotion of PVC mother liquor recovery and treatment technologies, focus on the promotion of biofilm technology, and complete the processing of 36 million tons of polymer mother liquor wastewater.
(4) Further promote the pressure swing adsorption technology of rectification tail gas.
——The ADC foaming agent accelerates the transformation of the non-acid condensation supporting device and the wastewater treatment device, promotes the wastewater treatment technology of ammonia nitrogen, and achieves the discharge of ammonia nitrogen wastewater.
5. Soda ash industry By 2015, the comprehensive utilization level of ammonia-soda waste ammonia slag will increase from 3% to 4% to about 10%; the average discharge of lye wastewater will be reduced from 4 to 5m3/ton to less than 2m3/ton, and ammonia consumption From the current 350 to 360 kg/ton to 340 to 350 kg/ton.
(1) Vigorously promote the treatment technology of ammonia-containing wastewater, and focus on the promotion of “alkaline non-cold carbonization technologyâ€; at the same time, increase its comprehensive utilization level and promote the zero discharge of water pollutants in the company.
(2) Reduce the production of ammonia-soda waste residue from ammonia-alkali enterprises, and at the same time increase its comprehensive utilization level, focusing on the promotion of “white mud for ammonia-alkali plants for the gypsum technology of wet flue gas removal from boiler flue gasâ€, with an industry promotion rate of 50% , And to achieve cooperation with companies outside the industry.
(3) Promoting 20% ​​of gas-to-gas cogeneration enterprises adopting the recovery of boiler flue gas CO2 to produce soda ash technology, the use of natural gas as the raw material for the joint soda plant to cancel the lime kiln, and the ammonia soda plant to reduce the amount of limestone.
(4) Promote the dry distillation technology to recover the heat of reaction of quicklime and water during the preparation of lime milk for distillation, while reducing the equivalent weight of distillation waste, and increase the application capacity from 600,000 tons to 1.6 million tons.
(5) Promote the use of external cold exchange gas to alkali cleaning technology to cure the discharge of combined alkali waste water. The application capacity has been increased from 200,000 tons to 1 million tons.
6. In the inorganic salt industry, by 2015, the total amount of major pollutants will be reduced by 15% on the basis of 2010, the industrial water recycling rate will reach 70%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of solid waste will reach 90%. Among them, the chromium slag chromium slag comprehensive utilization rate To reach 100%, the hazardous solid waste disposal rate reaches 100%.
—— Yellow phosphorus (1) Increase the use of yellow phosphorus dry dedusting, deep purification of tail gas, comprehensive utilization of the production of high value-added carbon-chemicals, and yellow phosphorus electric furnace electrostatic precipitator technology and application of demonstration project construction, yellow phosphorus device exhaust The utilization rate is not less than 90%.
(2) Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of yellow phosphorus furnace slag and mud phosphorus, use yellow phosphorus furnace slag as raw material or mixed material for cement production, and the comprehensive utilization rate is above 96%.
(3) Promote the coupled symbiotic technology of phosphorus chemical industry and silicon chemical industry, coal chemical industry, carbon chemical industry, chlor-alkali chemical industry and building materials industry. Promote advanced and applicable cleaner production technologies, speed up the upgrading of devices, and eliminate backward production capacity.
——Chromium Salt (1) Encourage the development of comprehensive utilization technology of chromium slag. The hexavalent chromium slag produced in that year will be 100% integrated or non-toxic, and complete the non-toxic treatment or comprehensive utilization of 4 million tons of chromium residue left in the industry history. To carry out non-toxic treatment of contaminated soil.
(2) Intensify technical research, speed up the promotion of calcium-free roasting production process, improve and enhance the production of liquid-phase oxidation (dissolved salt oxidation), and establish a pneumatic fluidized-bed continuous production sodium niobate process demonstration device to further reduce Energy consumption, material consumption, and reduction of pollutant emissions.
(3) Vigorously promote the technology of chromate oxidation of chromium oxide base, establish a demonstration plant of 50,000 tons/year, and timely expand the production capacity in the industry.
(4) Carry out oxygen roasting technology, vacuum evaporation of aqueous solution to produce chromic anhydride by-produced crystal ** hydrogen sodium, develop trivalent chromium salts (such as ** chrome, chromium chloride, chromium formate, ** chrome, fluorination Chromium, chromium acetate, etc.) production process.
(5) Promote the comprehensive utilization technology of chromium slag such as ironmaking and cement fillers, strengthen the recovery technology of sodium bisulfate as a by-product of chromic anhydride, produce basic chromium sulfate by sulfur dioxide tower reduction spray drying, and produce chromium oxide green by ammonium sulfate And other mature and reliable technology.
7. By 2015, the pesticide industry will strive to enter more than 50% of the country's total number of pesticide drug companies. The proportion of low-toxic pesticides has reached more than 55%, the proportion of high-toxicity pesticides has dropped below 5%; the “three wastes†emissions have been reduced by 30%, and the utilization of by-products has increased by 30%.
(1) To vigorously promote the annihilation of the one-step, green synthesis process and the high-quality pirimiphos-methyl clean production technology, and strive to cover the entire industry by 2012.
(2) Vigorously promote the clean recovery technology of methyl glyphosate produced by glyphosate, the clean production technology of pyrethroid pesticides, and the clean production technology of crude drugs, and achieve an industry penetration rate of 80%.
(3) Vigorously promote the production of diphenyl ether herbicides and the production of diphenyl ethers by atmospheric air oxidation. The industry penetration rate will reach 30% to 50%.
(4) Develop effective exhaust gas treatment technologies and corresponding by-products, solid waste recovery technologies and processes.
8. Dye Industry By 2015, the amount of wastewater produced in the dye industry will be reduced by 12 million tons per year, and COD production will be reduced by 200,000 tons per year. Strengthen product innovation and give priority to the development of environmentally friendly dyes.
(1) Implementation of clean production process reformation such as hydrogenation reduction of pigment intermediates and oxidation of trioxides, and the production of 250,000 tons of pigment intermediates. The industry penetration rate has reached 60%.
(2) Promote the implementation of membrane filtration and transformation of the original slurry spray drying system, upgrade existing production equipment, and complete production capacity of 300,000 tons.
(3) Accelerate the promotion of organic solvent alternatives for clean production and preparation of aqueous media. The industry penetration rate will reach 60%, and 50,000 tons of pigment intermediates will be cleaned and transformed.
(4) Accelerate the recycling of low-concentrated acid salt-containing waste water and complete the comprehensive utilization of salt-containing waste dilute acid from the 200,000-ton dyestuff synthesis process.
(5) Promote the implementation of non-salt diazo agent nitrosyl oxime technology and equipment in 10 domestic key disperse dye production enterprises, and promote the implementation of diazotized equivalent reaction in disperse dyes.
9. The paint industry's paint industry focuses on the development of environmentally-friendly paint technologies represented by water-based wood coatings. By 2015, the proportion of low-pollution paints will reach 60%. The titanium dioxide industry has focused on the implementation of cleaner production technologies, reducing waste residue by 384,000 tons/year, reducing harmful waste gas emissions by 480 million cubic meters/year, reducing waste salt emissions by 36,000 tons/year, and reducing sulfur dioxide emissions by 28,000 tons/year. Comprehensive utilization of waste acid (concentration 20%) 6 million tons / year, comprehensive utilization of ferrous sulfate about 1.5 million tons / year.
——Paints (1) Focus on the development of environmentally friendly coating technologies represented by waterborne wood coatings, waterborne bridge anticorrosion coatings, waterborne automotive anticorrosion coatings, waterborne container anticorrosive coatings, and photocurable coatings, with development ratios of 15% and 10%, respectively. 75%, 5%, 60%, 1.5%.
(2) To develop a fully-integrated paint production technology for solvent-based paints and a clean production technology for amino resins for paints with the goal of automatic safety, environmental protection, and energy conservation. The penetration rate has reached 10%.
- Titanium Dioxide (1) Accelerate the application of boiling chlorination technology, strive to achieve a 60% penetration rate in the chlorination of titanium dioxide production; Accelerate the production of continuous acid hydrolysis of TiO 2 by TiO 2 , Tail gas waste heat and waste acid technology, * The application of advanced clean production technologies such as titanium cogeneration heat utilization technology and acid hydrolysis black residue recycling technology in the production of sulfuric acid process titanium dioxide, the industry penetration rate reached 50%.
(2) Actively develop the comprehensive utilization of gypsum and ferrous sulfate, which are byproducts of titanium dioxide production, and strive to consume 8 million tons to 10 million tons of chemical gypsum before 2014; the utilization rate of the comprehensive utilization technology of by-product ferrous sulfate will reach 50%, and It is converted into a by-product that can be recycled and used to increase product added value.
4. The main tasks of the environmental protection work in the chemical industry in the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†(I) Pursuing Cleaner Production in an All-round Way Sticking to the implementation of clean production as the main line for transforming the development mode of the chemical industry, actively building a combination of the enterprise as the main body, market guidance and government promotion Cleaner production promotion mechanism. First, under the direct leadership of the relevant state departments, the importance and necessity of promoting cleaner production is vigorously promoted, and the awareness of all employees in the chemical industry consciously to implement cleaner production is raised; secondly, the state actively strives for national preferential policies and special funds for cleaner production. , Do everything possible to guide enterprises to adopt advanced technology without waste or less waste to accelerate the technological transformation of backward production facilities; third is to actively carry out cleaner production audits and training, in-depth analysis and tap energy conservation and emission reduction potential, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction. The fourth is to establish a number of clean production demonstration projects in chlor-alkali, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries to create a batch of chemical clean production demonstration enterprises; Fifth, to assist the relevant state departments to formulate cleaner production technology implementation programs and cleaner production in key industries. Evaluation index system to guide enterprises to carry out clean production technology reform and clean production review; Sixth, organize the implementation of clean production technology experience exchange and promotion, and focus on promoting a number of key common technologies for clean production.
(B) Accelerate the application of technology to strengthen environmental protection, the implementation of clean production, we must always adhere to the main line of technological progress, based on original innovation and integrated innovation, give full play to the role of science and technology support, and strive to solve the technical bottlenecks in the development of environmental protection industry. The first is to actively organize the research of key common technologies for the problems of chemical environmental protection and overcome a number of environmental protection technical difficulties. We will focus on the reduction technologies and treatment technologies for refractory organic wastewaters containing aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated alkanes, organic phosphorus compounds, and high-concentration ammonia nitrogen emitted from organic chemical raw materials, pesticides, dyes, and some fine chemical industries, and breakthrough environmental protection measures in a number of industries. difficulty. The second is to strongly encourage the application of advanced environmental protection technology and equipment in the chemical industry. Focuses on the promotion of zero-emissions technology for nitrogenous fertilizer production, comprehensive utilization of calcium carbide furnace gas, low mercury catalyst technology, ** desorption technology, non-acid condensation of ADC foaming agent, yellow phosphorus electro-de-dusting technology and exhaust gas comprehensive utilization technology, chromium salts Calcium-free roasting technology, fluorine-containing waste gas to produce anhydrous hydrofluoric acid technology, phosphorus ore associated iodine resource recovery technology, glyphosate by-product chlorine methyl chloride and mother liquor cleaning and recovery technology, chromium residue, phosphorus gypsum residue, ammonia alkali residue, calcium carbide Slag comprehensive utilization technology and CO2 capture, separation, purification, storage technology. The third is to track the development and trends of international environmental protection technologies in a timely manner, and guide the industry to actively introduce, digest, and absorb advanced environmental protection technologies, equipment and management experience from abroad, screen and dynamically release advanced environmental protection technologies, and provide technical support for enterprises to conduct pollution control. consultation service. The fourth is to establish a supporting technology database, expert database and technology exchange platform, and gradually form the industry's environmental protection information, technology and consulting service system.
(III) Actively nurturing typical demonstrations Actively cultivating advanced and typical enterprises and parks, giving full play to demonstration and leading the industry to achieve sustainable development. The first is to organize the development of "resource-saving and environment-friendly" enterprises and "clean production demonstration enterprises", study and formulate "two-type" enterprises and "clean production demonstration enterprises" review assessment system, refine the assessment procedures, and uniform evaluation criteria. To cultivate a batch of high-standard and standardized "two-type" enterprises and "clean production demonstration enterprises" in key industries, set a typical model, and play a demonstration role. The second is to organize the development of "green chemical parks", and to guide the development of industrial clustering of "chemicals entering the park and industry into chains". At the same time, a number of chemical parks will be cultivated to implement cleaner production and circular economy demonstration projects to further increase the use of resources in the park's enterprises. The level of energy conservation and emission reduction, and strive to the end of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the level of clean production of enterprises within the demonstration park reached more than two. With the national and provincial circular economy pilot parks as the guide, a batch of chemical recycling economy demonstration parks have been established.
(IV) Effective prevention of environmental risks Adhere to the prevention of pollution emissions from hazardous chemicals during the life cycle of production, processing, and use. Comprehensively adopt various measures such as industrial restructuring, environmental access, green chemistry, risk management, pollution prevention, and information supervision to control the environmental risks of hazardous chemicals. The first is to strengthen the environmental access of hazardous chemicals, incorporate the environmental risk prevention and control of chemicals into the chemical industry access policy system, improve access thresholds, and strictly limit the production of hazardous chemicals with high toxicity, high residue, and severe environmental hazards. Sales and use, as well as cross-regional gradient transfer of related companies. Formulate environmental access conditions for chemical parks and control the low-level construction of chemical parks. The second is to increase the elimination of toxic and hazardous chemicals and optimize the industrial structure. Improve the industrial restructuring directory, eliminate high-risk hazardous chemicals and backward technology, reasonably control the total scale, strictly limit the low-level redundant construction, encourage the chemical industry to develop green chemistry technology, and promote industrial upgrading. Third, strict environmental management of chemicals and reduction of toxic pollutant emissions. Encourage the full implementation of clean production and the best available technologies and processes to effectively control the emission of toxic pollutants. Select key industries, regions and enterprises, and implement key projects to manage chemical demonstration projects. Fourth, optimize the industrial layout and enhance regional risk prevention and control capabilities. The requirements for the prevention and control of environmental risks of hazardous chemicals will be strictly incorporated into industry and regional development plans, and the enterprises that do not meet the planning layout and environmental safety hazards will be accelerated to relocate. Formulate management methods for chemical parks, gradually improve the integration of safety and environmental risk prevention and control systems and facilities within the park, and enhance regional environmental risk prevention and control and emergency response capabilities.
(V) Efforts to Promote Responsible Care Responsible care promotes “Responsible Careâ€, which focuses on resource conservation, environmental friendliness, safety, health, and clean production, and strives to build a “responsible care†system with Chinese characteristics. The first is to publicize the concept of responsible care and strengthen the pilot so that more enterprises in the industry can actively promote and practice responsible care, implement the concept of responsible care in the overall development plan and objectives of the company, and take effective measures to avoid and prevent environmental risks. Continuously enhance corporate image and enhance industry competitiveness. The second is to strengthen basic research on responsibility care, establish a management system and evaluation system for responsible care, formulate standards, evaluation index systems and evaluation methods, explore responsible care assessment and certification methods, and make responsible care work in the industry healthy, standardized and orderly. development of. The third is to actively seek policy support. We will strive to provide incentives to companies that implement responsible care from policies and taxation, with the support of the relevant government departments of the country, in order to increase the enthusiasm of enterprises to implement responsible care. The fourth is to strengthen international cooperation. Actively concerned with the new trends of international responsible care, learning about ICCA, the American Chemical Industry Association's experience in organizing responsible care activities, drawing on international advanced concepts and rules, making responsible care based on China’s basic national conditions, highlighting characteristics, conforming to reality, and innovating .
V. Suggestions for policy safeguards (1) Assist government departments in formulating environmental policies and providing policy protection for environmental protection work in the chemical industry. Based on the prominent environmental issues in the industry and in conjunction with industrial development trends, actively coordinate with relevant government departments to formulate and introduce a series of environmental policies. Enhance the level of environmental protection work in the chemical industry. Firstly, the industry with high energy consumption, high pollution, and high environmental risks should be allowed to adjust and revise the industrial environmental access conditions in a timely manner, improve the environmental access threshold, and carry out source containment. The second is to improve the relevant industries, such as pollutant emission standards in key industries, and to increase propaganda, promote energy conservation and emission reduction in the industry, and strive to complete the target of restrictive pollution reduction. The third is to research and formulate plans for the implementation of cleaner production, formulate and revise the evaluation index system for cleaner production, and guidelines for cleaner production audits, and provide technical support for the full implementation of cleaner production. Fourth, strengthen research on major environmental issues such as heavy metal pollution, chemical environmental risks, hazardous waste management, and environmental tax collection, and make policy recommendations to relevant departments in due course. Fifth, actively participate in the negotiation of international environmental conventions, in-depth study of the economic and environmental impact of compliance, and provide technical support for the implementation of international conventions and safeguarding the interests of the industry.
(II) Actively strive for favorable environmental protection policies and financial support that are conducive to the development of the industry. First, coordinate government departments to increase financial support and preferential policies. It is recommended that relevant government departments increase the central government's special funds for cleaner production, special funds for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, special funds for technological transformation, small and medium-sized enterprises' transition funds, special funds for energy-saving and water-saving and enterprise income tax benefits for comprehensive utilization of resources, etc., and support for enterprises. , Guide the industrial upgrading and pollution control of industrial enterprises. The second is to broaden the investment channel. Fully use the market mechanism, and encourage and guide financial institutions and social funds to increase their support for clean production, energy-saving emission reduction and technological transformation projects by publishing clean production promotion programs, recycling economy technical support catalogues, and major energy conservation and environmental protection technical support catalogues. The third proposal is to gradually improve the environmental economic policies. Integrate industrial policies, fiscal policies, financial policies, and environmental policies, improve the green credit mechanism, and assist government departments in establishing a docking mechanism for financial and fiscal policies such as clean production review, implementation of responsible care and green credit, and energy conservation and emission reduction funds.
(C) Strengthen the cultivation and demonstration of advanced models, lead the industry in technological advancement and improve the level of management. Strengthen the cultivation of advanced and typical enterprises, promote them with demonstrations, promote them in an all-round way, and make the chemical industry work in environmental protection. The first is to gradually formulate and improve the specifications, technical evaluation index system, acceptance criteria and evaluation standards for the demonstration enterprises and demonstration parks related to the implementation of clean production, development of recycling economy, development of resource conservation and environmental protection, and provide technical support for the implementation of demonstration work. The second is to carry out the cultivation and selection of “resource-saving and environment-friendly enterprisesâ€, “chemical clean production demonstration enterprisesâ€, “green chemical industrial parks†and “responsible care demonstration enterprisesâ€, and to regularly commend them for typical advanced enterprises. Or the park will make recommendations to relevant state departments, actively seek relevant preferential policies and financial support, and gradually form a long-term incentive mechanism. The third is to strengthen the exchange of experience of advanced typical enterprises, play a leading role in demonstration, through various forms such as forums, on-site meetings, etc., to recommend advanced management experience and technical measures of the enterprise to the whole industry in multiple channels and in all directions, and to promote the technology of the entire industry. Progress and improvement in management.
(D) Give full play to the service function of the association and actively build a technical support system for consulting services. Strengthen the promotion of national “Twelfth Five-Year†environmental protection planning, industrial clean production “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†and industrial environmental development guidelines, and guide the establishment of industry enterprises Advanced environmental protection development concept. Give full play to the advantages of professional resources of the industry associations, and actively establish a support system for environmental consulting services to provide technical consulting services such as training, auditing, diagnosis, and post-assessment for companies implementing clean production and environmental management. Strengthen environmental protection and cleaner production training for relevant personnel of enterprises, establish an information service platform composed of environmental protection policies, regulations, technical standards, consulting services, expert libraries, and typical cases, and timely release information on environmental protection technologies, management, and policies to enterprises, and strengthen Information exchange provides convenient information services for enterprises to carry out environmental protection work.
First, the technical support for pollution reduction has been continuously strengthened. The second is the effectiveness of the implementation of Responsible Care. The third is the comprehensive advancement of clean production. The fourth is the initial effect of prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.
On the whole, by strengthening the research and development of pollution reduction technologies, promoting the implementation of Responsible Care, accelerating the promotion of cleaner production, and giving full play to typical demonstration initiatives, the recycling rate of wastewater in the chemical industry has increased from 88% to 90%, and industrial wastewater has been discharged. The compliance rate has been increased from 92% to 95%; the compliance rate of boiler combustion exhaust fumes has been increased from 87% to 90%, and the comprehensive utilization and disposal rate of industrial solid waste has increased from 80% to 85%. Emissions of chemical oxygen demand decreased by 25.0% compared with 2005; ammonia emissions decreased by 60.0% compared with 2005; emissions of carbon dioxide* decreased by 16.5% compared to 2005; major pollutant discharges were all completed ahead of schedule of the “Eleventh Five-Year Planâ€. The goal has made important contributions to the completion of the constraint indicators for pollution reduction in the industrial sector.
(II) Main problems existing Since the “Eleventh Five-Year Planâ€, although the chemical industry has made great achievements in environmental protection work, many deep-seated problems accumulated by the extensive development mode of the industry over the years have made it difficult to do current work. Adapting to the new situation, new tasks and new requirements is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
First, the task of pollution reduction is still very arduous. In 2009, the chemical industry discharged 2.97 billion tons of industrial wastewater and 2.3 trillion cubic meters of industrial waste, generating 130 million tons of industrial solid waste, which accounted for 14.2%, 5.3% and 6.6% of the total industrial "three wastes" emissions of the country respectively. The second, fourth and fifth places. Among them, the discharge of chemical oxygen demand was 427,000 tons, ammonia nitrogen was 88,000 tons, *97.5 million tons of carbon dioxide, and 540 thousand tons of nitrogen oxides, which ranked 3rd, 1st, 4th, and 4th respectively in the industrial field. Some characteristic pollutants, such as ammonia nitrogen, cyanide, and hazardous wastes, rank first. At the same time, the irrationality of the industrial structure, product structure, and energy consumption structure has also caused the waste of resources and energy and environmental pressure, further aggravating the contradiction between industry development and resource environment.
Second, the technical support system for strengthening environmental protection is still not perfect. At present, there are still quite a number of backward technologies and equipment with high energy consumption, high material consumption, and high pollution still running in the industry; environmental protection investment is low, facilities are lagging behind, production process is lacking in control; resource regeneration, energy recovery and utilization technologies are few, and product development is deep The intensity is small. Although there are a number of relatively mature new technologies and technologies for energy conservation, clean production, and comprehensive utilization of “three wastesâ€, the overall number is relatively small and the level is relatively low, especially the lack of key generic technologies such as pesticides, dyes The fine chemical industry's high-concentration refractory organic wastewater treatment technologies and high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment technologies have not yet made fundamental breakthroughs, and it is difficult to form strong support for promoting environmental protection.
Third, the concept of resource conservation and environmental protection has not yet reached a prominent position. At present, energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection, and clean production have become the inevitable choices and important guarantees for the transformation of the development mode of the chemical industry and the realization of sustainable development. However, some companies have not put the basic national policy of resource conservation and environmental protection into due consideration. In important positions, some have made necessary investments in hardware but lack management measures and institutional guarantees. Some corporate concepts are not in place. They have not yet realized the importance of clean production and environmental protection in improving technological levels, improving product competitiveness, and improving corporate image, and they have insufficient incentive to actively carry out environmental protection. The industry focuses on development, light economy, heavy speed, and low efficiency. It also focuses on the development of the extension, light content optimization, heavy profit growth, light resource conservation, and environmental protection. There is still a considerable market.
Second, the "12th Five-Year Plan" new trends in environmental protection work in the chemical industry The "12th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for the transformation and upgrading of China's industries. New changes will occur in the internal and external environment for the development of the chemical industry, and environmental protection work for the chemical industry. New demands have also been made.
(I) International environmental conventions The compliance requirements of the international environmental conventions require that the chemical industry do a good job of environmental protection. With the integration of the global economy, China has gradually joined and implemented a series of international conventions, such as the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Stockholm Convention, the Rotterdam Convention, the Basel Convention, and the International Mercury Convention during the negotiation period. The performance of these conventions places new demands on the environmental protection work during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period of the chemical industry. For example, in order to actively respond to climate change, the Chinese government proposed to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% by 2020. This will inevitably bring new pressure on the industrial structure adjustment and energy conservation and emission reduction work in the chemical industry.
The new pattern of international trade competition requires the chemical industry to do a good job in environmental protection. Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, a new situation has emerged in the world's industrial development. A new pattern of trade competition based on energy conservation, environmental protection and green and low carbon has taken shape. The United States, the European Union and other countries have restricted the import of products with high energy consumption, high emissions, and toxic and hazardous materials. Policies have led to fierce competition in products and increasing trade frictions, which have formed a "reversing mechanism" for the development of China's chemical industry. This requires that we must follow the trend, speed up the transformation of development methods, promote clean production in an all-round way, strengthen environmental protection, and regard green, low-carbon, clean development as an important starting point for enhancing international competitiveness of industries and breaking through green barriers.
(II) Accelerating changes in the domestic environment The economic development approach requires the chemical industry to do a good job in environmental protection. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, the State Council and the State Council require the construction of a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society as an important focal point for transforming the mode of economic development. The completion of the “12th Five-Year†energy-saving and emission-reduction targets requires that the chemical industry do a good job in environmental protection. jobs. The state has put forward new goals and new requirements for environmental protection during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, including the forthcoming introduction of new environmental taxes, environmental liability insurance and other new policies, heavy metal pollution remediation, and chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, oxidation*, nitrogen oxides The new tasks such as compliance pressure of the subject-based emission reduction targets have made the tasks faced by the chemical industry even more daunting, making it more difficult to accomplish tasks. New national environmental protection policies and regulations also require the chemical industry to do a good job in environmental protection. At the same time, the increasingly prominent environmental issues in the industry itself require that the chemical industry do a good job in environmental protection.
The Guiding Ideology and Development Goals of the Environmental Protection Work in the Chemical Industry in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan (A) The Guiding Ideology Under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the “****†important thinking, in-depth implementation of the scientific concept of development and full implementation of the Party’s Seventeenth The spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session will be to promote clean production as the main line, accelerate the adjustment of industrial structure and the promotion of technology, realize the control of the entire chemical production process, maximize the optimal allocation of resources and comprehensive utilization of “three wastesâ€, and effectively reduce chemical production pollutants. The amount of production and emissions, actively promote new technologies for environmental protection, increase the efforts in the treatment of waste water and waste gas from chemical companies, and make the situation of serious pollution in the chemical industry significantly improve, and strive to achieve the sustainable development of the chemical industry.
(b) Development goal 1. Water pollution prevention and control is centered on the conservation of water and waste water resources. By 2015, all chemical companies must implement cleanup and diversion of water, with a water reuse rate of 92%, and all waste water treatment and stable discharge standards. The chemical oxygen demand and ammonia-nitrogen emissions were reduced by 10% and 12% respectively compared with the end of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, and the wastewater discharges from the major industries were reduced by 10%.
2. The prevention and control of atmospheric pollution is centered on comprehensive utilization. By 2015, the process waste gas and waste heat available in the major chemical industries will be recycled or comprehensively utilized. The emissions of NO x and NO x decreased by 8% and 10% respectively compared with the end of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period. Boiler combustion flue gas and process exhaust gas treatment rate reaches 100%.
3. The prevention and control of solid waste pollution is centered on the reduction and recycling of waste. By 2015, the comprehensive utilization of solid waste in the chemical industry will reach 75%, and the disposal rate will reach 100%.
4. Strengthen the demonstration of typical enterprises and parks, cultivate a group of “resource-saving and environment-friendly†enterprises, and create a batch of “chemical clean production demonstration enterprises†and “chemical clean production green parksâ€.
5. The focus will be on the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution. By 2015, the use of low mercury catalysts will reach 100%, and lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic will be effectively controlled.
(III) Targets for key industries 1. The nitrogen fertilizer industry will reduce waste water discharge by 15% by 2015. More than 80% of the enterprises will achieve zero discharge of production effluent, ultra-low emission of production wastewater in particularly sensitive areas, and 15% reduction of major pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand.
(1) For 200 enterprises with a total ammonia production capacity of approximately 24 million tons/year, implement the “Zero-emission technology for nitrogen fertilizer productionâ€, and the technology penetration rate has reached over 60%. Among them, nitrogen fertilizer companies in water-scarce areas or water-sensitive areas are implementing the “Technical Transformation of Recycled Cooling Water Ultra-Low Emissions†to achieve “ultra-low emissions of nitrogen fertilizer production wastewaterâ€, and the technology penetration rate has reached over 80%.
(2) The 100 nitrogen fertilizer enterprises with a total ammonia production capacity of about 12 million tons/year will implement the technical transformation of production waste gas, solid waste treatment and comprehensive utilization of cleaner production, and the technology penetration rate will reach over 60%.
(3) Support 100 companies to use normal temperature degassing* process technology, decarbonylation dechlorination deammonia deoiling technology to implement deep gas purification technology transformation, technology penetration rate of more than 60%.
(4) Supporting 100 synthetic ammonia producers that use coal as raw materials to implement raw material gas alcohol alkylation, alcohol alkylation, trace CO, and CO2 removal clean production technology reform, so that more than 60% of production capacity of trace CO, CO2 removed to achieve clean production .
(5) Increase the promotion of advanced ammonia synthesis technology, pre-reduction catalyst, evaporative cooling (condenser), and urea CO2 dehydrogenation technologies, and support the construction of ammonia flue gas for coal-fired boilers of 130 tons/hour × 2 units or more. Take off the device.
(6) Accelerate the elimination of catalyzed and non-catalytic methods** Liquid phase semi-water gas off* process technology and other backward processes and equipment.
2. Phosphorus fertilizer industry by 2015, the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum reaches 30%, and actively promote the research and development of a variety of comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, basic control of phosphorus production fluorine pollution, do a good job of comprehensive utilization of fluoride resources.
(1) Focusing on the promotion of wet-process phosphoric acid purification technology, the penetration rate in large-scale enterprises will exceed 30%.
(2) Actively research and develop a variety of comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, increase the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, focus on doing a good job of all kinds of new types of phosphogypsum building materials, so that the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum to resource, industrialization, large-scale development, in The penetration rate in the phosphate and compound fertilizer industry is more than 30%. At the same time vigorously promote the phosphogypsum harmless treatment technology, eliminate the environmental hazards of phosphogypsum heap.
(3) Actively promote the recycling technology of fluorine-containing waste gas in the production of phosphate fertilizer, produce high value-added fluorine chemical products, increase the recovery rate of fluorine resources, do a good job of comprehensive utilization of fluorine resources, and reduce fluorine pollution.
(4) Accelerate the research and advancement of recovery technologies for associated iodine resources of phosphate ore.
3. **In 2015, the industry will basically eliminate the pollution of fluorine and arsenic, and the production of dioxane* exhaust gas will be recycled. * The utilization rate of iron slag reaches 100%.
(1) Vigorously promote the development of energy-saving and water-saving technologies for acid production and iron ore mining, and strive to achieve a penetration rate of more than 200,000 tons of sulfuric acid plants using this technology; the penetration rate of this technology will reach 30% to 40%; Million tons of capacity devices.
(2) Promote the technology of exhaust gas off-gassing, recycle SO2 in the exhaust gas of power plants and smelting acid plants.
(3) Focus shall be placed on the control of arsenic, fluorine, and heavy metal pollution in wastewater, and the use of high-arsenic ore mines by enterprises that do not have an arsenic treatment plant for mineral acid production facilities is prohibited.
(4) Further research and promotion of the comprehensive utilization technology of mineral acid slag.
4. The use of low mercury catalysts by the chlor-alkali industry by 2015 will reach 100%. The PVC industry has realized the comprehensive utilization of calcium carbide slag, and all of the polymerization mother liquor wastewater meets the reuse target. The ADC foaming agent industry has achieved ammonia-nitrogen emission standards.
——Caustic soda (1) Membrane caustic soda to complete metal expansion anode, modified diaphragm technical transformation of 300 million tons; completed 12 million tons of caustic soda production capacity application of “zero pole†ion membrane electrolyzer technology; completed production capacity of 1.4 million tons of caustic soda Cathode technology.
(2) Establish a domestic demonstration project for the application of ion-exchange membrane technology.
(3) The technology for the desalting of 22 million tons of caustic soda by brine membrane method was completed and the penetration rate reached 70%.
(4) Completion of 8 million tons of caustic soda production capacity with application of three-effect counter-current membrane evaporation technology; establishment of 2 million tons of caustic soda production capacity with application of three-phase flow caustic soda evaporation technology; establishment of 2 million tons of caustic soda production capacity with application of ultrasonic anti-scaling evaporation technology; promotion of total hydrogen chloride synthesis waste heat Utilization technology (about 6 million tons).
——PVC (1) Vigorously promote the prevention and control of mercury pollution. We will increase research on solid-solid catalyst technology, increase investment in mercury-free catalysts, establish demonstration projects for the recovery of waste mercury catalysts, and demonstration projects for recovering HgCl2 from waste mercury catalysts. Establish a high-efficiency mercury recovery demonstration project; focus on the promotion and application of low-mercury catalysts and desorption technologies.
(2) Accelerate the advancement of comprehensive recycling technology for carbide slag. Promote the entire industry of PVC production dry acetylene modification work, resulting in the recycling of calcium carbide slag.
(3) Increase the research and promotion of PVC mother liquor recovery and treatment technologies, focus on the promotion of biofilm technology, and complete the processing of 36 million tons of polymer mother liquor wastewater.
(4) Further promote the pressure swing adsorption technology of rectification tail gas.
——The ADC foaming agent accelerates the transformation of the non-acid condensation supporting device and the wastewater treatment device, promotes the wastewater treatment technology of ammonia nitrogen, and achieves the discharge of ammonia nitrogen wastewater.
5. Soda ash industry By 2015, the comprehensive utilization level of ammonia-soda waste ammonia slag will increase from 3% to 4% to about 10%; the average discharge of lye wastewater will be reduced from 4 to 5m3/ton to less than 2m3/ton, and ammonia consumption From the current 350 to 360 kg/ton to 340 to 350 kg/ton.
(1) Vigorously promote the treatment technology of ammonia-containing wastewater, and focus on the promotion of “alkaline non-cold carbonization technologyâ€; at the same time, increase its comprehensive utilization level and promote the zero discharge of water pollutants in the company.
(2) Reduce the production of ammonia-soda waste residue from ammonia-alkali enterprises, and at the same time increase its comprehensive utilization level, focusing on the promotion of “white mud for ammonia-alkali plants for the gypsum technology of wet flue gas removal from boiler flue gasâ€, with an industry promotion rate of 50% , And to achieve cooperation with companies outside the industry.
(3) Promoting 20% ​​of gas-to-gas cogeneration enterprises adopting the recovery of boiler flue gas CO2 to produce soda ash technology, the use of natural gas as the raw material for the joint soda plant to cancel the lime kiln, and the ammonia soda plant to reduce the amount of limestone.
(4) Promote the dry distillation technology to recover the heat of reaction of quicklime and water during the preparation of lime milk for distillation, while reducing the equivalent weight of distillation waste, and increase the application capacity from 600,000 tons to 1.6 million tons.
(5) Promote the use of external cold exchange gas to alkali cleaning technology to cure the discharge of combined alkali waste water. The application capacity has been increased from 200,000 tons to 1 million tons.
6. In the inorganic salt industry, by 2015, the total amount of major pollutants will be reduced by 15% on the basis of 2010, the industrial water recycling rate will reach 70%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of solid waste will reach 90%. Among them, the chromium slag chromium slag comprehensive utilization rate To reach 100%, the hazardous solid waste disposal rate reaches 100%.
—— Yellow phosphorus (1) Increase the use of yellow phosphorus dry dedusting, deep purification of tail gas, comprehensive utilization of the production of high value-added carbon-chemicals, and yellow phosphorus electric furnace electrostatic precipitator technology and application of demonstration project construction, yellow phosphorus device exhaust The utilization rate is not less than 90%.
(2) Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of yellow phosphorus furnace slag and mud phosphorus, use yellow phosphorus furnace slag as raw material or mixed material for cement production, and the comprehensive utilization rate is above 96%.
(3) Promote the coupled symbiotic technology of phosphorus chemical industry and silicon chemical industry, coal chemical industry, carbon chemical industry, chlor-alkali chemical industry and building materials industry. Promote advanced and applicable cleaner production technologies, speed up the upgrading of devices, and eliminate backward production capacity.
——Chromium Salt (1) Encourage the development of comprehensive utilization technology of chromium slag. The hexavalent chromium slag produced in that year will be 100% integrated or non-toxic, and complete the non-toxic treatment or comprehensive utilization of 4 million tons of chromium residue left in the industry history. To carry out non-toxic treatment of contaminated soil.
(2) Intensify technical research, speed up the promotion of calcium-free roasting production process, improve and enhance the production of liquid-phase oxidation (dissolved salt oxidation), and establish a pneumatic fluidized-bed continuous production sodium niobate process demonstration device to further reduce Energy consumption, material consumption, and reduction of pollutant emissions.
(3) Vigorously promote the technology of chromate oxidation of chromium oxide base, establish a demonstration plant of 50,000 tons/year, and timely expand the production capacity in the industry.
(4) Carry out oxygen roasting technology, vacuum evaporation of aqueous solution to produce chromic anhydride by-produced crystal ** hydrogen sodium, develop trivalent chromium salts (such as ** chrome, chromium chloride, chromium formate, ** chrome, fluorination Chromium, chromium acetate, etc.) production process.
(5) Promote the comprehensive utilization technology of chromium slag such as ironmaking and cement fillers, strengthen the recovery technology of sodium bisulfate as a by-product of chromic anhydride, produce basic chromium sulfate by sulfur dioxide tower reduction spray drying, and produce chromium oxide green by ammonium sulfate And other mature and reliable technology.
7. By 2015, the pesticide industry will strive to enter more than 50% of the country's total number of pesticide drug companies. The proportion of low-toxic pesticides has reached more than 55%, the proportion of high-toxicity pesticides has dropped below 5%; the “three wastes†emissions have been reduced by 30%, and the utilization of by-products has increased by 30%.
(1) To vigorously promote the annihilation of the one-step, green synthesis process and the high-quality pirimiphos-methyl clean production technology, and strive to cover the entire industry by 2012.
(2) Vigorously promote the clean recovery technology of methyl glyphosate produced by glyphosate, the clean production technology of pyrethroid pesticides, and the clean production technology of crude drugs, and achieve an industry penetration rate of 80%.
(3) Vigorously promote the production of diphenyl ether herbicides and the production of diphenyl ethers by atmospheric air oxidation. The industry penetration rate will reach 30% to 50%.
(4) Develop effective exhaust gas treatment technologies and corresponding by-products, solid waste recovery technologies and processes.
8. Dye Industry By 2015, the amount of wastewater produced in the dye industry will be reduced by 12 million tons per year, and COD production will be reduced by 200,000 tons per year. Strengthen product innovation and give priority to the development of environmentally friendly dyes.
(1) Implementation of clean production process reformation such as hydrogenation reduction of pigment intermediates and oxidation of trioxides, and the production of 250,000 tons of pigment intermediates. The industry penetration rate has reached 60%.
(2) Promote the implementation of membrane filtration and transformation of the original slurry spray drying system, upgrade existing production equipment, and complete production capacity of 300,000 tons.
(3) Accelerate the promotion of organic solvent alternatives for clean production and preparation of aqueous media. The industry penetration rate will reach 60%, and 50,000 tons of pigment intermediates will be cleaned and transformed.
(4) Accelerate the recycling of low-concentrated acid salt-containing waste water and complete the comprehensive utilization of salt-containing waste dilute acid from the 200,000-ton dyestuff synthesis process.
(5) Promote the implementation of non-salt diazo agent nitrosyl oxime technology and equipment in 10 domestic key disperse dye production enterprises, and promote the implementation of diazotized equivalent reaction in disperse dyes.
9. The paint industry's paint industry focuses on the development of environmentally-friendly paint technologies represented by water-based wood coatings. By 2015, the proportion of low-pollution paints will reach 60%. The titanium dioxide industry has focused on the implementation of cleaner production technologies, reducing waste residue by 384,000 tons/year, reducing harmful waste gas emissions by 480 million cubic meters/year, reducing waste salt emissions by 36,000 tons/year, and reducing sulfur dioxide emissions by 28,000 tons/year. Comprehensive utilization of waste acid (concentration 20%) 6 million tons / year, comprehensive utilization of ferrous sulfate about 1.5 million tons / year.
——Paints (1) Focus on the development of environmentally friendly coating technologies represented by waterborne wood coatings, waterborne bridge anticorrosion coatings, waterborne automotive anticorrosion coatings, waterborne container anticorrosive coatings, and photocurable coatings, with development ratios of 15% and 10%, respectively. 75%, 5%, 60%, 1.5%.
(2) To develop a fully-integrated paint production technology for solvent-based paints and a clean production technology for amino resins for paints with the goal of automatic safety, environmental protection, and energy conservation. The penetration rate has reached 10%.
- Titanium Dioxide (1) Accelerate the application of boiling chlorination technology, strive to achieve a 60% penetration rate in the chlorination of titanium dioxide production; Accelerate the production of continuous acid hydrolysis of TiO 2 by TiO 2 , Tail gas waste heat and waste acid technology, * The application of advanced clean production technologies such as titanium cogeneration heat utilization technology and acid hydrolysis black residue recycling technology in the production of sulfuric acid process titanium dioxide, the industry penetration rate reached 50%.
(2) Actively develop the comprehensive utilization of gypsum and ferrous sulfate, which are byproducts of titanium dioxide production, and strive to consume 8 million tons to 10 million tons of chemical gypsum before 2014; the utilization rate of the comprehensive utilization technology of by-product ferrous sulfate will reach 50%, and It is converted into a by-product that can be recycled and used to increase product added value.
4. The main tasks of the environmental protection work in the chemical industry in the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†(I) Pursuing Cleaner Production in an All-round Way Sticking to the implementation of clean production as the main line for transforming the development mode of the chemical industry, actively building a combination of the enterprise as the main body, market guidance and government promotion Cleaner production promotion mechanism. First, under the direct leadership of the relevant state departments, the importance and necessity of promoting cleaner production is vigorously promoted, and the awareness of all employees in the chemical industry consciously to implement cleaner production is raised; secondly, the state actively strives for national preferential policies and special funds for cleaner production. , Do everything possible to guide enterprises to adopt advanced technology without waste or less waste to accelerate the technological transformation of backward production facilities; third is to actively carry out cleaner production audits and training, in-depth analysis and tap energy conservation and emission reduction potential, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction. The fourth is to establish a number of clean production demonstration projects in chlor-alkali, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries to create a batch of chemical clean production demonstration enterprises; Fifth, to assist the relevant state departments to formulate cleaner production technology implementation programs and cleaner production in key industries. Evaluation index system to guide enterprises to carry out clean production technology reform and clean production review; Sixth, organize the implementation of clean production technology experience exchange and promotion, and focus on promoting a number of key common technologies for clean production.
(B) Accelerate the application of technology to strengthen environmental protection, the implementation of clean production, we must always adhere to the main line of technological progress, based on original innovation and integrated innovation, give full play to the role of science and technology support, and strive to solve the technical bottlenecks in the development of environmental protection industry. The first is to actively organize the research of key common technologies for the problems of chemical environmental protection and overcome a number of environmental protection technical difficulties. We will focus on the reduction technologies and treatment technologies for refractory organic wastewaters containing aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated alkanes, organic phosphorus compounds, and high-concentration ammonia nitrogen emitted from organic chemical raw materials, pesticides, dyes, and some fine chemical industries, and breakthrough environmental protection measures in a number of industries. difficulty. The second is to strongly encourage the application of advanced environmental protection technology and equipment in the chemical industry. Focuses on the promotion of zero-emissions technology for nitrogenous fertilizer production, comprehensive utilization of calcium carbide furnace gas, low mercury catalyst technology, ** desorption technology, non-acid condensation of ADC foaming agent, yellow phosphorus electro-de-dusting technology and exhaust gas comprehensive utilization technology, chromium salts Calcium-free roasting technology, fluorine-containing waste gas to produce anhydrous hydrofluoric acid technology, phosphorus ore associated iodine resource recovery technology, glyphosate by-product chlorine methyl chloride and mother liquor cleaning and recovery technology, chromium residue, phosphorus gypsum residue, ammonia alkali residue, calcium carbide Slag comprehensive utilization technology and CO2 capture, separation, purification, storage technology. The third is to track the development and trends of international environmental protection technologies in a timely manner, and guide the industry to actively introduce, digest, and absorb advanced environmental protection technologies, equipment and management experience from abroad, screen and dynamically release advanced environmental protection technologies, and provide technical support for enterprises to conduct pollution control. consultation service. The fourth is to establish a supporting technology database, expert database and technology exchange platform, and gradually form the industry's environmental protection information, technology and consulting service system.
(III) Actively nurturing typical demonstrations Actively cultivating advanced and typical enterprises and parks, giving full play to demonstration and leading the industry to achieve sustainable development. The first is to organize the development of "resource-saving and environment-friendly" enterprises and "clean production demonstration enterprises", study and formulate "two-type" enterprises and "clean production demonstration enterprises" review assessment system, refine the assessment procedures, and uniform evaluation criteria. To cultivate a batch of high-standard and standardized "two-type" enterprises and "clean production demonstration enterprises" in key industries, set a typical model, and play a demonstration role. The second is to organize the development of "green chemical parks", and to guide the development of industrial clustering of "chemicals entering the park and industry into chains". At the same time, a number of chemical parks will be cultivated to implement cleaner production and circular economy demonstration projects to further increase the use of resources in the park's enterprises. The level of energy conservation and emission reduction, and strive to the end of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the level of clean production of enterprises within the demonstration park reached more than two. With the national and provincial circular economy pilot parks as the guide, a batch of chemical recycling economy demonstration parks have been established.
(IV) Effective prevention of environmental risks Adhere to the prevention of pollution emissions from hazardous chemicals during the life cycle of production, processing, and use. Comprehensively adopt various measures such as industrial restructuring, environmental access, green chemistry, risk management, pollution prevention, and information supervision to control the environmental risks of hazardous chemicals. The first is to strengthen the environmental access of hazardous chemicals, incorporate the environmental risk prevention and control of chemicals into the chemical industry access policy system, improve access thresholds, and strictly limit the production of hazardous chemicals with high toxicity, high residue, and severe environmental hazards. Sales and use, as well as cross-regional gradient transfer of related companies. Formulate environmental access conditions for chemical parks and control the low-level construction of chemical parks. The second is to increase the elimination of toxic and hazardous chemicals and optimize the industrial structure. Improve the industrial restructuring directory, eliminate high-risk hazardous chemicals and backward technology, reasonably control the total scale, strictly limit the low-level redundant construction, encourage the chemical industry to develop green chemistry technology, and promote industrial upgrading. Third, strict environmental management of chemicals and reduction of toxic pollutant emissions. Encourage the full implementation of clean production and the best available technologies and processes to effectively control the emission of toxic pollutants. Select key industries, regions and enterprises, and implement key projects to manage chemical demonstration projects. Fourth, optimize the industrial layout and enhance regional risk prevention and control capabilities. The requirements for the prevention and control of environmental risks of hazardous chemicals will be strictly incorporated into industry and regional development plans, and the enterprises that do not meet the planning layout and environmental safety hazards will be accelerated to relocate. Formulate management methods for chemical parks, gradually improve the integration of safety and environmental risk prevention and control systems and facilities within the park, and enhance regional environmental risk prevention and control and emergency response capabilities.
(V) Efforts to Promote Responsible Care Responsible care promotes “Responsible Careâ€, which focuses on resource conservation, environmental friendliness, safety, health, and clean production, and strives to build a “responsible care†system with Chinese characteristics. The first is to publicize the concept of responsible care and strengthen the pilot so that more enterprises in the industry can actively promote and practice responsible care, implement the concept of responsible care in the overall development plan and objectives of the company, and take effective measures to avoid and prevent environmental risks. Continuously enhance corporate image and enhance industry competitiveness. The second is to strengthen basic research on responsibility care, establish a management system and evaluation system for responsible care, formulate standards, evaluation index systems and evaluation methods, explore responsible care assessment and certification methods, and make responsible care work in the industry healthy, standardized and orderly. development of. The third is to actively seek policy support. We will strive to provide incentives to companies that implement responsible care from policies and taxation, with the support of the relevant government departments of the country, in order to increase the enthusiasm of enterprises to implement responsible care. The fourth is to strengthen international cooperation. Actively concerned with the new trends of international responsible care, learning about ICCA, the American Chemical Industry Association's experience in organizing responsible care activities, drawing on international advanced concepts and rules, making responsible care based on China’s basic national conditions, highlighting characteristics, conforming to reality, and innovating .
V. Suggestions for policy safeguards (1) Assist government departments in formulating environmental policies and providing policy protection for environmental protection work in the chemical industry. Based on the prominent environmental issues in the industry and in conjunction with industrial development trends, actively coordinate with relevant government departments to formulate and introduce a series of environmental policies. Enhance the level of environmental protection work in the chemical industry. Firstly, the industry with high energy consumption, high pollution, and high environmental risks should be allowed to adjust and revise the industrial environmental access conditions in a timely manner, improve the environmental access threshold, and carry out source containment. The second is to improve the relevant industries, such as pollutant emission standards in key industries, and to increase propaganda, promote energy conservation and emission reduction in the industry, and strive to complete the target of restrictive pollution reduction. The third is to research and formulate plans for the implementation of cleaner production, formulate and revise the evaluation index system for cleaner production, and guidelines for cleaner production audits, and provide technical support for the full implementation of cleaner production. Fourth, strengthen research on major environmental issues such as heavy metal pollution, chemical environmental risks, hazardous waste management, and environmental tax collection, and make policy recommendations to relevant departments in due course. Fifth, actively participate in the negotiation of international environmental conventions, in-depth study of the economic and environmental impact of compliance, and provide technical support for the implementation of international conventions and safeguarding the interests of the industry.
(II) Actively strive for favorable environmental protection policies and financial support that are conducive to the development of the industry. First, coordinate government departments to increase financial support and preferential policies. It is recommended that relevant government departments increase the central government's special funds for cleaner production, special funds for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, special funds for technological transformation, small and medium-sized enterprises' transition funds, special funds for energy-saving and water-saving and enterprise income tax benefits for comprehensive utilization of resources, etc., and support for enterprises. , Guide the industrial upgrading and pollution control of industrial enterprises. The second is to broaden the investment channel. Fully use the market mechanism, and encourage and guide financial institutions and social funds to increase their support for clean production, energy-saving emission reduction and technological transformation projects by publishing clean production promotion programs, recycling economy technical support catalogues, and major energy conservation and environmental protection technical support catalogues. The third proposal is to gradually improve the environmental economic policies. Integrate industrial policies, fiscal policies, financial policies, and environmental policies, improve the green credit mechanism, and assist government departments in establishing a docking mechanism for financial and fiscal policies such as clean production review, implementation of responsible care and green credit, and energy conservation and emission reduction funds.
(C) Strengthen the cultivation and demonstration of advanced models, lead the industry in technological advancement and improve the level of management. Strengthen the cultivation of advanced and typical enterprises, promote them with demonstrations, promote them in an all-round way, and make the chemical industry work in environmental protection. The first is to gradually formulate and improve the specifications, technical evaluation index system, acceptance criteria and evaluation standards for the demonstration enterprises and demonstration parks related to the implementation of clean production, development of recycling economy, development of resource conservation and environmental protection, and provide technical support for the implementation of demonstration work. The second is to carry out the cultivation and selection of “resource-saving and environment-friendly enterprisesâ€, “chemical clean production demonstration enterprisesâ€, “green chemical industrial parks†and “responsible care demonstration enterprisesâ€, and to regularly commend them for typical advanced enterprises. Or the park will make recommendations to relevant state departments, actively seek relevant preferential policies and financial support, and gradually form a long-term incentive mechanism. The third is to strengthen the exchange of experience of advanced typical enterprises, play a leading role in demonstration, through various forms such as forums, on-site meetings, etc., to recommend advanced management experience and technical measures of the enterprise to the whole industry in multiple channels and in all directions, and to promote the technology of the entire industry. Progress and improvement in management.
(D) Give full play to the service function of the association and actively build a technical support system for consulting services. Strengthen the promotion of national “Twelfth Five-Year†environmental protection planning, industrial clean production “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†and industrial environmental development guidelines, and guide the establishment of industry enterprises Advanced environmental protection development concept. Give full play to the advantages of professional resources of the industry associations, and actively establish a support system for environmental consulting services to provide technical consulting services such as training, auditing, diagnosis, and post-assessment for companies implementing clean production and environmental management. Strengthen environmental protection and cleaner production training for relevant personnel of enterprises, establish an information service platform composed of environmental protection policies, regulations, technical standards, consulting services, expert libraries, and typical cases, and timely release information on environmental protection technologies, management, and policies to enterprises, and strengthen Information exchange provides convenient information services for enterprises to carry out environmental protection work.
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