A, nickel-cadmium battery (Ni-Cd)
Voltage: 1.2V Service life: 500 discharge temperatures: -20 degrees to 60 degrees, charging temperature: 0 degrees to 45 degrees
Remarks: Strong overcharge resistance.
B, nickel-hydrogen battery (Ni-Mh)
Voltage: 1.2V Service life: 1000 discharge temperatures: -10 degrees to 45 degrees Charge temperature: 10 degrees to 45 degrees Note: The current ** capacity is about 2100mAh.
C, lithium ion battery (Li-lon)
Voltage: 3.6V Service life: 500 discharge temperatures: -20 degrees to 60 degrees Charging temperature: 0 degrees to 45 degrees Remarks: The weight is 30% to 40% lighter than NiMH batteries, and the capacity is higher than NiMH batteries 60 %the above. However, it is not resistant to overcharging. If overcharged, the temperature will be too high and the structure will be destroyed.
D, lithium polymer battery (Li-polymer)
Voltage: 3.7V Service life: 500 times Discharge temperature: -20 degrees to 60 degrees Charging temperature: 0 degrees to 45 degrees Remarks: Improved lithium battery, no battery liquid, instead of polymer electrolyte, can be made Various shapes are more stable than lithium batteries.
E, lead acid battery (Sealed)
Voltage: 2V Service life: 200 ~ 300 discharge temperatures: 0 degrees ~ 45 degrees Charging temperature: 0 degrees ~ 45 degrees Remarks: is the general vehicle battery (it is 6 2V series into 12V), free Water-filled batteries last up to 10 years, but the volume and volume are **.
Newly bought battery charging terminology
A, charging rate (C-rate)
C is the ** letter of Capacity, which is used to indicate the magnitude of the current when the battery is charged and discharged.
For example, when the rated capacity of the rechargeable battery is 1100 mAh, it means that the discharge time of 1100 mAh (1 C) can last for 1 hour. For example, the discharge time of 200 mA (0.2 C) can last for 5 hours, and the charging can also be calculated according to this comparison.
B, Cut-off discharge voltage
When the battery is discharged, the voltage drops to the value of the ** working voltage that the battery should not continue to discharge.
Depending on the type of battery and the different discharge conditions, the battery capacity and life requirements are also different, so the specified battery discharge termination voltage is also different.
C, open circuit voltage (OCV)
When the battery is not discharged, the potential difference between the two poles of the battery is called the open circuit voltage.
The open circuit voltage of the battery will vary depending on the material of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. If the materials of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery are exactly the same, then the open circuit voltage is the same regardless of the size of the battery and how the geometry changes.
D, Depth of discharge DOD
During battery use, the percentage of the battery's discharged capacity to its rated capacity is called the depth of discharge.
The depth of discharge has a deep relationship with the charging life of the secondary battery. When the depth of discharge of the secondary battery is deeper, the charging life is shorter, so deep discharge should be avoided as much as possible during use.
E, Over discharge
If the battery exceeds the end voltage value of the battery discharge during the discharge process, it may cause the internal pressure of the battery to rise when the discharge continues, and the reversibility of the active materials of the positive and negative electrodes is damaged, so that the capacity of the battery is significantly reduced.
F, over charge
When the battery is fully charged after charging, if it continues to charge, it may cause the internal pressure of the battery to rise, the battery is deformed, the night is leaking, etc., and the performance of the battery is also significantly reduced and damaged.
G, energy density (Energy density)
The electrical energy released by the average unit volume or mass of the battery.
Generally, in the same volume, the energy density of a lithium-ion battery is 2.5 times that of a nickel-cadmium battery and 1.8 times that of a nickel-hydrogen battery. Therefore, in the case of equal battery capacity, a lithium-ion battery will be more than a nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen battery. Smaller and lighter.
H, self discharge (Self discharge)
The battery will cause its power loss due to various reasons, regardless of whether it is used or not. If calculated in units of one month, the lithium-ion battery self-discharge is about 1% - 2%, and the nickel-hydrogen battery self-discharges about 3% - 5%.
I, charging cycle life (Cycle life)
When the rechargeable battery is repeatedly charged and discharged, the battery capacity gradually decreases to 60-80% of the initial capacity.
J, memory effect
During the charging and discharging process of the battery, many small bubbles are generated on the battery plate. For a long time, these bubbles will reduce the area of ​​the battery plate and indirectly affect the battery capacity.
Voltage: 1.2V Service life: 500 discharge temperatures: -20 degrees to 60 degrees, charging temperature: 0 degrees to 45 degrees
Remarks: Strong overcharge resistance.
B, nickel-hydrogen battery (Ni-Mh)
Voltage: 1.2V Service life: 1000 discharge temperatures: -10 degrees to 45 degrees Charge temperature: 10 degrees to 45 degrees Note: The current ** capacity is about 2100mAh.
C, lithium ion battery (Li-lon)
Voltage: 3.6V Service life: 500 discharge temperatures: -20 degrees to 60 degrees Charging temperature: 0 degrees to 45 degrees Remarks: The weight is 30% to 40% lighter than NiMH batteries, and the capacity is higher than NiMH batteries 60 %the above. However, it is not resistant to overcharging. If overcharged, the temperature will be too high and the structure will be destroyed.
D, lithium polymer battery (Li-polymer)
Voltage: 3.7V Service life: 500 times Discharge temperature: -20 degrees to 60 degrees Charging temperature: 0 degrees to 45 degrees Remarks: Improved lithium battery, no battery liquid, instead of polymer electrolyte, can be made Various shapes are more stable than lithium batteries.
E, lead acid battery (Sealed)
Voltage: 2V Service life: 200 ~ 300 discharge temperatures: 0 degrees ~ 45 degrees Charging temperature: 0 degrees ~ 45 degrees Remarks: is the general vehicle battery (it is 6 2V series into 12V), free Water-filled batteries last up to 10 years, but the volume and volume are **.
Newly bought battery charging terminology
A, charging rate (C-rate)
C is the ** letter of Capacity, which is used to indicate the magnitude of the current when the battery is charged and discharged.
For example, when the rated capacity of the rechargeable battery is 1100 mAh, it means that the discharge time of 1100 mAh (1 C) can last for 1 hour. For example, the discharge time of 200 mA (0.2 C) can last for 5 hours, and the charging can also be calculated according to this comparison.
B, Cut-off discharge voltage
When the battery is discharged, the voltage drops to the value of the ** working voltage that the battery should not continue to discharge.
Depending on the type of battery and the different discharge conditions, the battery capacity and life requirements are also different, so the specified battery discharge termination voltage is also different.
C, open circuit voltage (OCV)
When the battery is not discharged, the potential difference between the two poles of the battery is called the open circuit voltage.
The open circuit voltage of the battery will vary depending on the material of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. If the materials of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery are exactly the same, then the open circuit voltage is the same regardless of the size of the battery and how the geometry changes.
D, Depth of discharge DOD
During battery use, the percentage of the battery's discharged capacity to its rated capacity is called the depth of discharge.
The depth of discharge has a deep relationship with the charging life of the secondary battery. When the depth of discharge of the secondary battery is deeper, the charging life is shorter, so deep discharge should be avoided as much as possible during use.
E, Over discharge
If the battery exceeds the end voltage value of the battery discharge during the discharge process, it may cause the internal pressure of the battery to rise when the discharge continues, and the reversibility of the active materials of the positive and negative electrodes is damaged, so that the capacity of the battery is significantly reduced.
F, over charge
When the battery is fully charged after charging, if it continues to charge, it may cause the internal pressure of the battery to rise, the battery is deformed, the night is leaking, etc., and the performance of the battery is also significantly reduced and damaged.
G, energy density (Energy density)
The electrical energy released by the average unit volume or mass of the battery.
Generally, in the same volume, the energy density of a lithium-ion battery is 2.5 times that of a nickel-cadmium battery and 1.8 times that of a nickel-hydrogen battery. Therefore, in the case of equal battery capacity, a lithium-ion battery will be more than a nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen battery. Smaller and lighter.
H, self discharge (Self discharge)
The battery will cause its power loss due to various reasons, regardless of whether it is used or not. If calculated in units of one month, the lithium-ion battery self-discharge is about 1% - 2%, and the nickel-hydrogen battery self-discharges about 3% - 5%.
I, charging cycle life (Cycle life)
When the rechargeable battery is repeatedly charged and discharged, the battery capacity gradually decreases to 60-80% of the initial capacity.
J, memory effect
During the charging and discharging process of the battery, many small bubbles are generated on the battery plate. For a long time, these bubbles will reduce the area of ​​the battery plate and indirectly affect the battery capacity.
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