Relevant experts pointed out that although China's photovoltaic road has broad prospects, there are still many problems in reality. China's photovoltaic development is full of thorns. If we do not pay attention to these problems in the development of photovoltaics, it will definitely affect the photovoltaic industry. Continue to develop.
First, in order to achieve a cheaper Internet access, photovoltaic power generation is also required to achieve market-based competition. But now the cost of photovoltaic power generation is still very high, which limits the commercial operation of photovoltaic power generation. Shi Lishan, deputy director of the New Energy and Renewable Energy Department of the National Energy Administration, once said that the current investment cost of photovoltaic installations is about 18,000 yuan per kilowatt, while the investment cost of conventional thermal power is about 3,000 to 4,000 yuan per kilowatt. The photovoltaic electricity price is the conventional thermal power price. More than three times, the cost is too high is a major obstacle to the development of photovoltaic scale.
Second, as far as the market status of China's PV products is concerned, the source of silicon materials is abroad, and 95% of silicon materials rely on imports; the main market is currently abroad, and 95% of PV products are sold abroad, compared with the domestic market and production capacity. Very small, about 5% of capacity. This phenomenon is like Ren Dongming, deputy director of the Renewable Energy Development Center of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at the 2nd Asian Photovoltaic Summit: "China follows the development model of 'two heads out, big and big out'." This pattern of heavy dependence on imports and exports increases trade risks. In addition, there is a tendency for excess production capacity of polysilicon, and the regulation and regulation of the industry needs to be strengthened.
Third, photovoltaic technology research and development investment is limited, research and development capabilities and technological innovation capabilities are weak. The commercialization process of a new generation of thin-film solar cells is slow, and the research investment in concentrating batteries and new solar cells is insufficient, which is much behind the foreign countries and lacks stamina. The lack of independent innovation capability is the root cause of the lagging development of China's PV industry. To achieve the transformation of PV production methods, mastering the dominance of technology is a very important issue.
Fourth, the lag of photovoltaic technology has highlighted environmental issues and high energy consumption. According to Ren Dongming, China's photovoltaic industry has high energy consumption, international advanced level of 130-150kWh/kg, domestic 200-300 kWh/kg; in addition, photovoltaic products still have environmental problems, and domestic products cannot be recycled and cleaned. Proper disposal of waste is bound to put pressure on the fragile environment.
Fifth, policy refinement is not in place. The lag in service and supervision of photovoltaic enterprises is also a major problem in the photovoltaic industry. "China is actually facing a fine policy that is not in place. First, the PV revitalization plan has not yet been announced. Second, the on-grid tariff has not yet been introduced. Third, the Golden Sun Project subsidy funds are insufficient, and enterprises do not make money; fourth The power company's service and supervision are not strict, and many standards issued by enterprises do not match international practices, and they add a lot of burden to users." Wang Sicheng said at the 2nd Asian Photovoltaic Summit that the country is now setting a target of 2020. It has reached 20GW in the year, which is equivalent to a dozen times higher than the previous target of 1.6GW. However, compared with the 28GW target in Japan, the target is still very low. There is no photovoltaic power generation target in each province, and there is no effective refinement of each large photovoltaic power generation enterprise. The planning goals, which make the country lack a scientific basis for formulating long-term planning goals.
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