Jatropha curcas is known as the most promising energy plant because of its high seed oil content and good oil quality. However, due to the instability of Jatropha curcas, its yield is low and it cannot meet the requirements of commercial production. The APETALA1 (AP1) gene encoded by Arabidopsis thaliana is a transcription factor containing the MADS domain and is expressed in the flower primordium, and has the dual function of determining initiation of floral meristems and controlling floral organ initiation.
Dr. Tang Mingyong and his collaborators of the Molecular Breeding Research Group of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and his collaborators under the guidance of researcher Xu Zengfu first isolated the homologous gene JcAP1 from Jatropha curcas. Sequence analysis showed that JcAP1 is highly similar to other plant AP1. Sex. JcAP1 is mainly expressed in the inflorescence buds, flower buds, flower buds, and petals of Jatropha curcas. The expression level of JcAP1 is highest in the early stage of floral bud development. The overexpression of JcAP1 using the constitutive promoter CaMV35S resulted in extremely early flowering of the transgenic Arabidopsis, which at the same time produced abnormal flowers and caused an increase in the expression level of AP1 downstream genes in the transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, overexpression of JcAP1 restored the phenotype of Arabidopsis ap1-11 mutants. These findings suggest that JcAP1 is a homologue of Arabidopsis AP1 and that they have similar functions. However, overexpression of JcAP1 in J. curcas using the same promoter did not result in significant changes in flowering time and flower organ morphology, indicating that JcAP1 may not be a key gene that regulates flower bud differentiation and floral organ development in J. curcas.
Related research results have been published in PeerJ, an international professional journal, with the topic of Ectopic expression of Jatropha curcasAPETALA1 (JcAP1) caused early flowering in Arabidopsis, but not in Jatropha.
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